nx.beandog.org

7z

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-02-27T21:00:45+00:00

7z Compress a password-protected file 7z a -p directory.7z directory

about_percona

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T00:06:30+00:00

About Percona * Percona History * MySQL wasn't using their own InnoDB software that they bought out until 5.5 (5.1 included an older version that they were maintaining themselves) * Oracle bought out MySQL, and has not been improving much on InnoDB

ack

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:31:06+00:00

ack * grep * sed * ack - beyond grep

acl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-22T21:02:17+00:00

Access Control List ACL is used for setting fine permissions beyond the simple octal modes of Linux. For it to work properly, the kernel needs to be compiled with ACL support for the filesystem being used, and then loaded as an option in /etc/fstab

alpine

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:53:43+00:00

Alpine Linux * Comparison with other distros Base Installation setup-alpine apk add tmux vim rsync bash htop curl ncdu pwgen iptables monit man-pages man elinks bind-tools HOWTO Install packages apk add bash Sync package tree apk update

amazon_s3

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T21:28:39+00:00

Amazon S3 * s3cmd * Pricing Any data uploaded to Amazon S3 should be first encrypted using GPG. Here's an IAM policy for a new user to upload files to an S3 bucket. { "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": "s3:ListBucket", "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::steve-backups", "Condition": { } }, { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "s3:PutObject", "s3:GetObject", "s3:DeleteObject" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::steve-backups/*", "Co…

amp_stack_apache_configuration

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T21:32:42+00:00

AMP Stack: Apache Configuration * AMP Stack There are going to be some changes to the Apache configuration. Remove the default virtual hosts directives (since we'll set them ourselves), and enable the fcgid module. Ubuntu Enable modules: a2enmod auth_digest authz_default authz_host authz_user deflate headers info rewrite ssl status suexec version vhost_alias fcgid a2dismod auth_basic authz_groupfile cgid

amp_stack_php_configuration

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T21:32:03+00:00

AMP Stack: PHP Configuration * AMP Stack PEAR Installation Download PEAR and install: Ubuntu: aptitude -y install php-pear pear update-channels pear upgrade-all Gentoo: wget http://pear.php.net/go-pear.phar php go-pear.phar Install base packages:

apache

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-28T16:18:55+00:00

Apache Welcome to the world wide web! * Apache Benchmarks * Apache Error Documents * Apache Logs * Apache mod_fcgid * Apache mod_rewrite * Apache mod_wsgi * Apache MPM Prefork * Apache MPM Worker * Apache Options Directive * Apache Security * Apache Server Info * Apache SSL * Apache SuExec * Apache Tuning * Apache Virtual Hosts * CentOS Apache * FreeBSD Apache * OpenBSD Apache * Gentoo Apache * PCI Compliance * htaccess * mod_pagespeed * Apache mo…

apache_benchmarks

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T02:59:01+00:00

Apache Benchmarking * Apache * Apache Tuning * Siege The Goal of Benchmarking The goal of doing benchmark tests is to see what the practical configuration would be for Apache. Specifically, what settings to use primarily for MaxClients, which is maximum number of concurrent connections allowed.

apache_error_documents

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-26T21:05:32+00:00

Apache Error Documents * Apache * mod_core: ErrorDocument When setting an ErrorDocument value that uses a file, the value must be a relative path to the DocumentRoot. Otherwise, it will display that string. This will display the contents of the 403.php page: ErrorDocument 403 /err403.php

apache_fcgid

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T21:34:50+00:00

Apache fcgid * Apache * Apache suExec * apxs * AMP Stack * PHP CGI * Apache Module mod_fcgid Any program assigned to the handler fcgid-script is processed using the FastCGI protocoll; mod_fcgid starts a sufficient number instances of the program to handle concurrent requests, and these programs remain running to handle further incoming requests.

apache_logs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-13T15:29:50+00:00

Apache Logs * Apache Log the domain name visited This will display in the Apache logs which sites visitors are hitting: # get the server name from the Host: header UseCanonicalName Off # this log format can be split per-virtual-host based on the first field LogFormat "%V %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b" vcommon CustomLog logs/access_log vcommon

apache_mod_fcgid

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T03:01:04+00:00

Apache mod_fcgid * Apache * Homepage mod_fcgid is the Fast CGI module from Apache. It can be used to run CGI programs, such as php-fpm or php-cgi. It is not included with Apache, and must be downloaded and installed separately. The program uses apxs to find the Apache build system configuration. You can override the default location of the program with the

apache_mod_rewrite

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-05-09T18:16:42+00:00

Apache mod_rewrite * Apache * mod_rewrite * mod_rewrite intro * mod_rewrite Variables Cheatsheet * mod_rewrite Cheat Sheet All examples need this code: RewriteEngine On Rewrite conditions are cumulative, and will redirect when a RewriteRule is given. Rewrite conditions also execute in listed order, so if the first one matches it will redirect, and the second one won't be read.

apache_mod_wsgi

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-28T16:19:06+00:00

Apache mod_wsgi * Apache * django * mod_wsgi homepage * mod_wsgi Apache Directives Ubuntu In Ubuntu, install the module: aptitude -y install libapache2-mod-wsgi Apache 2.4 Add an alias for the Python interpreter and set permissions: WSGIScriptAlias /python /usr/local/www/wsgi-scripts/python.wsgi

apache_mpm_prefork

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T03:02:17+00:00

Apache MPM prefork * Apache * Apache MPM worker * Apache MPM Common Directives * Apache MPM prefork This Multi-Processing Module (MPM) implements a non-threaded, pre-forking web server that handles requests in a manner similar to Apache 1.3. It is appropriate for sites that need to avoid threading for compatibility with non-thread-safe libraries. It is also the best MPM for isolating each request, so that a problem with a single request will not affect any other.

apache_mpm_worker

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-03-01T18:36:49+00:00

Apache MPM Worker * Apache * Apache Worker MPM PHP CGI Suexec Setup * Apache MPM Common Directives * Apache MPM worker This Multi-Processing Module (MPM) implements a hybrid multi-process multi-threaded server. By using threads to serve requests, it is able to serve a large number of requests with fewer system resources than a process-based server. However, it retains much of the stability of a process-based server by keeping multiple processes available, each with many threads.

apache_options_directive

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-07-05T18:37:57+00:00

Apache Options Directive * Apache * mod_core There are two ways to set Options for Apache. You can have it set all the permissions directly, or inherit them from a parent. Stating the Options directly will use only those: Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks SymLinksIfOwnerMatch

apache_security

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-02-14T23:07:22+00:00

Apache Security * Apache * Apache Server Info * Apache SSL * Apache suExec * CentOS Apache Security Some ways to increase security using Apache 2.2. * Apache httpd 2.2 vulnerabilities mod_core Minimal server info # ServerTokens # This directive configures what you return as the Server HTTP response # Header. The default is 'Full' which sends information about the OS-Type # and compiled in modules. # Set to one of: Full | OS | Minor | Minimal | Major | Prod # where Full convey…

apache_server_info

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T21:36:43+00:00

Apache Server Info * Apache * Apache Security You can use mod_info in Apache to display specific details regarding the installation of Apache. Configuration SetHandler server-info Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 1.2.3.4

apache_source_installation

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-06T15:16:34+00:00

Apache Source Installation * Apache * CentOS Bare Stack

apache_ssl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-05-08T17:38:46+00:00

Apache SSL * Apache * Apache Security * OpenSSL * PCI Compliance * SSL Certificates Configuration Install certificate files: SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/domain.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/private.key SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/certs/domain.com.cabundle A bare-bones SSL-enabled VirtualHost entry:

apache_suexec

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T03:04:51+00:00

Apache suExec * Apache * Apache fcgid * Apache Security * PHP CGI suExec lets you execute CGI processes as a separate user than the webserver, usually unprivileged. * suEXEC Support * Apache Module mod_suexec * mod_core Suexec Directive Installation SuExec is very strict on security. When compiling Apache, you need to set the SuExec parameters that will be used.

apache_tqm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-11-04T18:10:29+00:00

Sys Admin TQM Checklist Apache * Apache Modules * mod_deflate * mod_rewrite * mod_ssl Global Configuration * Gentoo: /etc/apache2/modules.d/00_default_settings.conf * CentOS: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf * CentOS + CPanel: /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

apache_tuning

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T03:05:45+00:00

Apache Performance Tuning * Apache * Apache Benchmarks * Apache Security * Linux Memory and Processes * Tuning the Apache MaxClients parameter * Troubleshooting Memory Usage * tune apache performance using mpm prefork module Apache Documentation: * Apache Performance Tuning * Apache Modules From Apache: The single biggest hardware issue affecting webserver performance is RAM. A webserver should never ever have to swap, as swapping increases the latency of each request beyo…

apache_virtual_hosts

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T21:39:27+00:00

Apache Virtual Hosts * Apache Automatic Virtual Hosts The configuration for setting up the dynamic vhosts is in /etc/apache2/vhosts.d/99_magic_vhosts.conf VirtualDocumentRoot "/home/steve/public_html/%1" ServerName dev.beandog.org ServerAlias *.beandog.org AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml text/css application/x-javascript

apache_worker_mpm_php_cgi_suexec_setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T21:41:15+00:00

Apache Worker MPM PHP CGI Suexec Setup Components to an Apache + SuExec + FCGI + PHP setup: First, need some variables to stay the same throughout the setup. User Apache runs as: daemon User CGI programs run as: steve Parent directory location of CGI binaries, web documents

apt-get

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-08T15:14:17+00:00

apt-get * aptitude * dpkg Reinstall a package: apt-get install --reinstall

aptitude

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-11-10T16:14:39+00:00

aptitude * Ubuntu * apt-get * dpkg Get the version of package that is available: aptitude search -F "%p %V" Install specific version: aptitude install = Display the versions that will be upgraded aptitude -ys safe-upgrade

asciidoc

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-12-30T23:11:26+00:00

asciidoc Convert formatted TXT file to a man page: a2x --format manpage program_name.1.txt

avahi

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T20:45:38+00:00

Avahi * DNS * dnsmasq * Multicast DNS * netatalk * OS X * Samba Avahi is software for Linux that provides multicast DNS. OS X OS X will use mDNS to lookup any hostnames ending in .local OS X seems to cache mDNS entries, even if a service and/or server goes away. To test:

awk

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-02-17T17:26:02+00:00

awk * ack * grep * sed Tips and Tricks Use awk to print a specific column chkconfig --list |grep "3:on" |awk '{print $1}' Print the last column awk '{ print $NF }' Print a total of a column of numbers in a file awk '{ sum += $1 } END { print sum }' filename

awstats

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T21:45:22+00:00

Advanced Web Statistics AWStats reads the raw Apache logfiles and parses them to give you detailed information about visitors. Setup * Download the tarball and unpack it into /usr/local/awstats * Make new directory /var/lib/awstats to store the data.

backup_gmail

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-06-13T23:02:54+00:00

Howto Backup Gmail * getmail * Homebrew * getmail 4 * Google application-specific passwords Getmail is a small script written in Python that downloads a copy of your mailbox contents. Each email is stored in an individual file, and it is an excellent way to make a backup of your Gmail contents. To set it up, you will need to install getmail through brew, create a specific password for getmail to access GMail, make some changes to your GMail settings, and finally configure getmail its…

bash

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-09-09T05:18:11+00:00

#!/bin/bash * csh * ksh * sh * tcsh * zsh * bash Built-In Commands * bash completion * bsfl * getopts * iterm * * - My cross-platform .bashrc.extra :D * Bash Shell Scripting - 10 Seconds Guide * Conditional statements * bash colors * Bash Hackers wiki * commandlinefu.com * Summary of shell facilities * An A-Z Index of the Bash command line for Linux * bash Cheat Sheet - …

bash_built-in_commands

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-03-14T15:29:47+00:00

Bash Built-In Commands * fc Fix command. Run fc and it will open an editor with the last command, and then run it on exit.

bash_completion

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-04-08T23:43:19+00:00

bash completion * Gentoo Wiki - bash Enable bash-completion on Gentoo Enable the base and ssh bashcomp modules: eselect bashcomp enable base eselect bashcomp enable ssh Then add this to your .bashrc: source /etc/profile.d/bash-completion.sh Gentoo bashcomp modules

bonding

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-27T20:37:44+00:00

Bonding * Networking * Gentoo Networking * Ubuntu Networking * ifconfig * ifenslave * Linux Ethernet Bonding Driver HOWTO Make sure that ifenslave is installed, and that bonding support is enabled in your kernel first.

bsfl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:00:06+00:00

bsfl * bash A bash helper script *

cd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-05T16:31:07+00:00

cd Tips and Tricks If you don't know what the parent folder's name is, but you do know the child folder's name is, you can use cd */foo to get there. Examples: I'm in a ports system (OpenBSD, Gentoo, etc), and I know I'm looking for package name mplayer, but I don't know what category it's in:

centos

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:28:22+00:00

CentOS * CentOS Apache * CentOS Bare Stack * CentOS Deployment * CentOS Networking * CentOS Kickstart * CentOS HortonWorks * CentOS PHP * CentOS Salt * CentOS Xen * Horton Works * Linux ISOs Software * chkconfig * rpm * yum What repositories are used by default? repo id repo name base CentOS-5 - Base extras CentOS-5 - Extras updates CentOS-5 - Updates How to edit repositories

centos_apache

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:00:55+00:00

CentOS Optimization: Apache * CentOS * Apache * Apache Security * Apache Tuning * Apache Worker MPM PHP CGI Suexec Setup * CentOS Apache Security * CentOS Apache Optimization CPanel Installations If you are modifying an Apache configuration that is modified by CPanel, then you will need to use the CPanel interface to make changes. Additionally, you will need to edit

centos_apache_optimization

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-10-13T21:28:49+00:00

CentOS: Apache Optimization * Apache * Apache Tuning * CentOS * CentOS Apache Modules You can remove certain Apache modules from loading simply by editing httpd.conf and commenting out the unwanted modules starting with the LoadModule directive, and then restarting Apache. Some common modules to disable that are rarely used, include:

centos_apache_security

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-10-13T16:33:14+00:00

CentOS: Apache Security * Apache * Apache Security CentOS 5 ships with Apache 2.2.12 by default. Security releases that affect this version are documented here. 2.2.20 - Range header DoS vulnerability * CVE-2011-3192 Denial of service attack. Some mitigation options exist.

centos_bare_stack

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-06T15:16:04+00:00

CentOS Bare Stack * CentOS * CentOS Deployment * Apache Source Installation * OpenSSL Source Installation Goals: * Strip an existing install of CentOS packages * Use CentOS development tools (gcc, make, autoconf, etc.) * Build AMP stack manually for future maintenance * Duplicate standard CentOS install locations (using /usr as prefix, etc.)

centos_deployment

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-12-05T19:40:38+00:00

CentOS Deployment * CentOS * yum * centos downloads Steps involved in setting up a new CentOS server: * Install htop * Install monit * Install collectd and cgp and awstats * Install postfix * Secure OpenSSH * Setup iptables * Configure PHP * Install PEAR * Add apache, iptables, to startup using ntsysv Install development libraries

centos_kickstart

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2021-08-09T07:40:53+00:00

CentOS Kickstart * CentOS * CentOS Xen * Kickstart Installations Introduction This guide is very similar in style to the Ubuntu autoinstall guide, in the sense that it makes a file to pre-define certain things. It is not as extensive as the other one, though, in modifying the ISOLINUX config files and so on.

centos_networking

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-18T21:45:37+00:00

CentOS Networking * CentOS Change firewall settings Configuration in /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config Rules in /etc/sysconfig/iptables Disable ipv6 Edit /etc/sysconfig/network and set “NETWORKING_IPV6” to “no” Change the hostname Change HOSTNAME

centos_php

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-07-31T16:54:55+00:00

CentOS PHP * CentOS * PHP Default php.ini for CentOS PHP 5.3 [PHP] engine = On short_open_tag = Off asp_tags = Off precision = 14 y2k_compliance = On output_buffering = 4096 zlib.output_compression = Off implicit_flush = Off unserialize_callback_func = serialize_precision = 100 allow_call_time_pass_reference = Off safe_mode = Off safe_mode_gid = Off safe_mode_include_dir = safe_mode_exec_dir = safe_mode_allowed_env_vars = PHP_ safe_mode_protected_env_vars = LD_LIBRARY_PATH disable_functi…

centos_salt

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-09-04T06:57:20+00:00

CentOS Salt * CentOS * Salt * Salt Stack Package Repo CentOS Install repo and packages yum install https://repo.saltstack.com/py3/redhat/salt-py3-repo-latest.el8.noarch.rpm On master: yum install -y salt-master firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=4505-4506/tcp firewall-cmd --reload

centos_xen

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-25T22:38:16+00:00

CentOS Xen * CentOS * Xen Installer ISO as Domain Guest Installing any OS as a Xen guest booting an ISO can be a bit of a pain. There's a couple of steps involved, but it is possible, and it doesn't require munging or rebuilding ISOs. Normally, when a Xen guest boots up, it will either use a GRUB emulator (pygrub, pvgrub, pvgrub2) or a kernel and initrd on the Xen domain filesystem directly. Since the ISO is booting using ISOLINUX, that means there needs to be an alternate option.

cgp

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T13:46:39+00:00

Collected Graph Panel CGP is a PHP web-interface providing access to graphs generated from RRD files made by collectd. It makes pretty pictures! Setup Download the git HEAD to a public directory. git clone http://git.nethuis.nl/pub/cgp.git Edit conf/config.php

chfn

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:02:14+00:00

chfn Use chfn to change finger information, such as a user's Name. The name will show up when sending outgoing emails. # chfn steve Changing finger information for steve. Name [Steve Dibb]: Office []: Office Phone []: Home Phone []:

chkconfig

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-15T21:30:00+00:00

chkconfig * CentOS chkconfig is used to setup services. List services: chkconfig --list Disable a service: chkconfig ip6tables off Completely remove a service: chkconfig --del ip6tables

cidr

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-09T22:36:09+00:00

CIDR * Networking You use CIDR notation to get the # of IP addresses that are available in that block. It does not, however, specify where the range has to begin or end -- the only requirement is that they be sequential. Say, for example, that you wanted to assign 8 IP addresses for friends when coming to visit for a

collectd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-09T15:53:12+00:00

collectd collectd is a daemon that gathers system processes, and generates RRD files. See also CGP for web statistics. Requirements * rrdtool * apache web server with PHP support * A MySQL user that can excecute 'SHOW STATUS'; * .htaccess file to limit visibility

confcat

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:29:42+00:00

confcat grep -vh '^#' "$@" | grep -v '^$' | grep -v ^\.*# | grep -v "^;" | egrep -v "^\s*$"

createdb

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-12-28T16:45:23+00:00

createdb * PostgreSQL Create a new database, with same user, same database name as user createdb

cron

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T07:29:48+00:00

cron * FreeBSD * cronie * dcron * fcron * porticron * vixie-cron FreeBSD Cron jobs are located in /etc/periodic Configuration is located at /etc/defaults/periodic.conf You can run a command on boot using crontab: crontab -e @reboot fuse-ext2 /dev/ada0p4 /mnt/ext2 -o ro

cronie

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-11-29T19:39:09+00:00

cronie cronie is a cron job daemon that is being phased in as a replacement for fcron. The reason for the change is that fcron will often spawn processes that turn into zombies (history is vague). Configuration Run crontab /etc/crontab to set the default cron jobs.

cryptsetup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-05-22T19:28:12+00:00

cryptsetup * Filesystems * Gentoo * mdadm * Howto: Basic cryptsetup Create New Encrypted Device In this example, a hard drive device /dev/sda will have three partitions: root, swap, encrypted filesystem. Create an encrypted swap partition on /dev/sda2: cryptsetup -c blowfish -h sha256 -d /dev/random create swap /dev/sda2

csh

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-06-03T20:59:05+00:00

#!/bin/csh * FreeBSD * bash * ksh * sh * tcsh * zsh * Summary of shell facilities * csh tutorial * Top Ten Reasons not to use the C shell Welcome to the C shell. Syntax Output to dev/null: portsnap extract >& /dev/null File Operators * -e file exists * -o file exists and is owned by the user * -r file exists and is readable

curl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:32:16+00:00

curl Send referrer curl -e "http://www.example.com/bot" http://nx.beandog.org/ Display HTTP headers only curl -I http://nx.beandog.org Don't display download stats curl -s http://nx.beandog.org Silently fail if HTTP error is returned

cut

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-30T15:01:38+00:00

cut Examples First field echo foo bar | cut -f 1 Returns 'foo' First field and everything behind it echo foo bar | cut -d " " -f 1- Returns 'foo' Second field echo foo bar | cut -d " " -f 2 Returns 'bar' Second field only if delimiter exists

cygwin

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-12-28T10:30:16+00:00

cygwin Install packages from command-line: setup-x86_64.exe -u -g -P gcc,clang,unzip,zip,autoconf,automake,cmake,git,make,patch,flex,libgcrypt-devel,libxml2-devel,bison,pkg-config,nano,vim,bc,bind-utils,curl,ping,psmisc,dateutils,patchutils,rsync,whois,php,python36,ncdu,pwgen,keychain,tmux,tree,lynx,wget,openssh,libssl-devel,libffi-devel,python36-devel,python36-pip

date

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-04-09T01:04:33+00:00

date Display today's date date +%Y-%m-%d Yesterday date -d yesterday +%Y-%m-%d

date_localization

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-06-09T18:46:46+00:00

Date Localization You can localize the date and time within PHP by following these steps: 1. Verify that the correct locales are installed on the server. > locale -a aa_DJ aa_DJ.iso88591 aa_DJ.utf8 aa_ER aa_ER@saaho aa_ER.utf8 aa_ER.utf8@saaho aa_ET ...

dcron

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:05:40+00:00

dcron * Project homepage * Gentoo wiki: cron entry Since there are a lot of cron daemons available, asking why use dcron is a valid question. Some of the reasons are: * has a homepage, with documentation (see cronie) * has syntax extensions (@daily) * can log to a separate file

denyhosts

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:06:17+00:00

Denyhosts * Security Denyhosts is a shell script that looks for SSH dictionary login attempts, and blocks the IP addresses of the abusers. Setup Configuration is in /etc/denyhosts.cfg Cron Job To run as a cron job every 10 minutes, add this to fcrontab:

dhcpcd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-29T20:38:21+00:00

dhcpcd * Networking Rebind an interface. This will update resolv.conf, and rebuild if resolv.conf.head or resolv.conf.tail now exist: dhcpcd --rebind eth0

dig

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-07-06T01:42:04+00:00

dig * DNS * dig commands and examples Set defaults You can use .digrc and store the same command line options in there to use as defaults. Here, query Google's DNS server for lookups: @8.8.8.8 Enable short output for all commands: +short Lookup DNS records using nameservers

disklabel

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-22T18:04:06+00:00

disklabel * Filesystems * NetBSD * OpenBSD * fdisk * newfs * raidctl * softraid * sysctl * NetBSD on a Stick Install Guide - very good reference guide on how to setup partitions Use disklabel to create and modify BSD partitions for a harddrive. There are two levels of partitioning in BSD. fdisk will create a partition in the MBR table, one for BSD. disklabel takes that partition and then creates it's own partition table from there.

djbdns

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T21:44:11+00:00

djbdns * DNS * dnsip - simple lookup that returns IP address * dnsmx - print MX records of a domain * dnsname - lookup reverse ptr of an IP address * dnstxt - print ouf the TXT records of a domain * How to run a DNS server * The tinydns-data program * Vega DNS djbdns also ships with a number of user tools that make life easier.

dns

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:27:52+00:00

DNS * Google DNS * Multicast DNS * OpenDNS * avahi * dig * djbdns * dnsip - look up the IP address of a domain name * dnsmasq * dnsmx * dnsname - look up the reverse DNS of an IP address * dnstxt * host * hosts_file * nslookup * DNS Watch - DNS lookups * SPF Query Tool Public DNS Servers Google: * 8.8.8.8 * 8.8.4.4 Level3: *

dnsip

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-02T22:59:40+00:00

dnsip * DNS * djbdns A utility that ships with djbdns. Simple IP address lookup: dnsip beandog.org 208.111.40.179 WARNING when scripting dnsip may leave a trailing space, which can cause problems in string comparison:

dnsmasq

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T20:43:45+00:00

dnsmasq * DNS * Avahi * Multicast DNS * launchctl dnsmasq is a small domain name server designed to resolve host names on a LAN. Wildcard Domains You may want to assign an actual domain to a hostname, to provide wildcard name resolution. An example would be that a host could be named

dnsmx

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T21:36:20+00:00

dnsmx * DNS * djbdns dnsmx is part of a set of user utilities provided by djbns. Lookup MX records of a domain: dnsmx beandog.org 10 eforward2.registrar-servers.com 10 eforward1.registrar-servers.com 15 eforward4.registrar-servers.com 10 eforward3.registrar-servers.com 20 eforward5.registrar-servers.com

dnsname

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T21:39:36+00:00

dnsname * DNS * djbdns dnsname is a part of a set of utilities provided by djbdns. Lookup the reverse DNS record of an IP address: dnsname 208.111.40.179 mcp.spaceparanoids.org

dnstxt

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T21:43:54+00:00

dnstxt * DNS * djbdns dnstxt is a part of utilities that come with djbdns. Lookup all the TXT records of a domain: dnstxt beandog.org v=spf1 include:spf.efwd.registrar-servers.com ~all

documentation

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:37:41+00:00

Documentation * File Uploads HOWTO * ACL - Access Control Lists * Fast File Transfers External Links * Cron Job Calculator * Network Tools * Bash Reference * Bash Scripting Tutorial * ACL * Git Reference * WordPress File Permissions

dpkg

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-28T22:28:51+00:00

dpkg * Ubuntu * apt-get * aptitude Install a .deb file dpkg -i dropbox_2015.10.28_amd64.deb Display installed packages dpkg --get-selections Display files installed by a package dpkg -L Display installed version of a package dpkg -s Find package owner for a file

dropbear

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:12:19+00:00

dropbear * monit * OpenSSH Configuration * Port 222 * Disallow root password logins Gentoo DROPBEAR_OPTS="-p 222 -g" CentOS Edit /etc/sysconfig/dropbear and add: DROPBEAR_OPTS="-p 222 -g" Debug Configuration / Login Issues Disable background fork and log to stdout.

emerge

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-03T23:05:32+00:00

emerge * Gentoo * portage Download all distfiles the package require as a dependency, disregarding USE flag settings: emerge -F mplayer Install only the dependencies of a package, but not the package: emerge -o libav

eshowkw

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-12-13T17:53:39+00:00

eshowkw * Gentoo Installed with gentoolkit. eshowkw mplayer Keywords for media-video/mplayer: | a | | | m | | | d x | | | 6 8 | | | 4 6 | u | | a a a p s | | | n | | l m r i p h m s p f m f | e u s | r | p…

exim

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-07-05T16:29:02+00:00

Exim Exim is the mailserver used on the Eboundhost VPS. Configuration settings need to be changed through CPanel. Configuration # Display exim's configuration exim -bP Queue Management # List messages exim -bp # Count messages exim -bpc # Remove a message exim -Mrm {message-id} # Remove all messages exim -bp | exiqgrep -i | xargs exim -Mrm # Freeze all messages in queue exim -bp | exiqgrep -i | xargs exim -Mf

faac

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-09-27T22:56:03+00:00

faac * libav * mp4box * x264 * Video Conversion Encode a WAV file to 96kbps faac -b 96 audio.wav audio.m4a

fast_file_transfers

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-03-03T19:03:05+00:00

Fast File Transfers Some ideas: * Use cpio * Use a faster encryption method than default with SSH * Parallel rsync (pssh) * Use NFS * * *

fcron

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:38:47+00:00

fcron * cron fcron Samples See man 5 fcrontab fcron vs. vixie-cron fcron uses a dedicated user to run root commands (systab). vixie-cron uses root to run the commands as, and set it's own variables (see /etc/crontab) that override default environment variables (such as HOME). I like fcron better because it is more predictable and doesn't change things around. Debugging scripts that run as cron jobs is tricky, and the less surprises, the better.

fdisk

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-22T18:04:29+00:00

fdisk * Filesystems * NetBSD * OpenBSD * disklabel * newfs * raidctl * softraid * sysctl * HOWTO: reformat a USB flash drive in NetBSD Linux and NetBSD Partitioning Partitioning drives in NetBSD is different than Linux. In Linux, there is one MBR table with partitions for as many filesystems as you would like. In NetBSD, one partition is created from the original four that are found with an MBR table, then disklabel is used to create it's own form of partitions called sli…

fetch

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-13T22:13:53+00:00

fetch * FreeBSD Fetch a file and output to stdout fetch -s -o -

ffmpeg

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-09-22T22:29:55+00:00

ffmpeg Letterbox a 16x9 video ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -s 640x360 -aspect 4:3 -vf pad=640:480:0:60 output.mp4 Equnix Video Standards ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vcodec libfaac -s 640x360 -aspect 4:3 -vf pad=640:480:0:60 -b 800k output.mp4

filename_exclusions

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:13:44+00:00

Filename Exclusions * rsync * rsync-exclude list These are files that are generally ignored when backing up, archiving, moving files, etc. Rsync You can save this list as a file, then use it to exclude files: rsync --exclude-from=FILE ._* *~ Thumbs.db .DS_Store #* *# :2* .Apple* .TemporaryItems Temporary Items lost+found rdiff-backup-data Network Trash Folder

filesystems

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T07:54:19+00:00

Filesystems * FreeBSD Filesystems * cryptsetup * disklabel * ext3 * fdisk * gdisk * glusterfs * mdadm * newfs * partprobe * raidctl * reiserfstune * sfdisk * softraid * tune2fs * UFS * wipefs * XFS * ZFS Operating Systems * NetBSD Partitioning * OpenBSD Encrypted Filesystem

file_uploads

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-01-15T16:25:50+00:00

File Uploads HTTP or FTP Here are the pros / cons to each: HTTP (Websites) Pros * Can use through website with no special configuration or software * Works well with small files (8 MB or smaller) Cons * Cannot resume file upload * Changing upload limit sizes requires changing web server configuration

find

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:39:13+00:00

find * findutils Find only files find /dir -type f Find only directories find /dir -type d Match expression find /dir -name '*test*' Find files matching an extension find /dir -name '*php' Find files not matching a rule find /dir -! -name '*txt'

findsmb

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-13T04:14:13+00:00

findsmb * Samba Use findsmb to search the see what other computers on the LAN are running something related to SMB.

findutils

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:39:31+00:00

findutils * coreutils * find

firewall

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-02T15:29:15+00:00

Firewalls * Security * iptables * nmap * quicktables * ufw iptables I like using quicktables to setup a basic IPtables ruleset quickly. Setting up a Firewall Before setting up a firewall, it's a good idea to setup a cron job that will reset it in case something goes wrong. CentOS

freebsd-update

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-07-27T17:24:13+00:00

freebsd-update * FreeBSD freebsd-update is used to upgrade the FreeBSD main system components. It is updated independently of any packages installed. For first time usage: freebsd-update fetch freebsd-update install

freebsd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:15:08+00:00

FreeBSD * FreeBSD Handbook * FreeBSD Ports Installation * FreeBSD Filesystems * FreeBSD GNU Applications * FreeBSD Install * FreeBSD Packages - binary installs * FreeBSD Ports - source code installs * UFS * pkg * zfs Software These are used by or need tweaking when using FreeBSD: * cron * csh * fetch * ftp * htop * monit * postfix * pw - manage users and groups *

freebsd_filesystems

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:17:31+00:00

FreeBSD Filesystems * FreeBSD * zfs In each case here, by default, the examples mount the filesystems as read-only. DVDs Mount a DVD: mount_cd9660 -o ro /dev/cd0 /mnt/dvd Add to fstab, and then use mount /dev/cd0 or mount /mnt/dvd: /dev/cd0 /mnt/dvd cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0

freebsd_gnu_applications

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:17:39+00:00

FreeBSD GNU Applications * FreeBSD If you are coming from Linux, you may prefer the GNU utilities over the FreeBSD ones. pkg install coreutils diffutils findutils gtar less gmake gnugrep gsed gcc Set up aliases: alias egrep='gegrep --color=auto' alias fgrep='gfgrep --color=auto' alias grep='ggrep --color=auto' alias less='/usr/local/bin/less' alias ll='gls -alhF --color=auto' alias ls='gls -F --color=auto' alias tar='gtar' alias find='gfind' alias diff='gdiff' alias make='gmake' alias …

freebsd_install

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T07:48:36+00:00

FreeBSD Install * FreeBSD * FreeBSD Ports Afterboot Right after installation, you can login as root. Your default shell will be csh. Before moving on, setup SSH so you can login as root remotely: sed -ie 's/#PermitRootLogin no/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/rc.d/sshd restart

freebsd_packages

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:18:17+00:00

FreeBSD Packages * FreeBSD * FreeBSD Ports * Package Lists * FreeBSD Ports Ports and Packages A few notes regarding ports (source installs) and packages (binary installs): * The versions may be different from each other (PHP 5.3.15 in ports, PHP 5.3.14 in packages) * You can mix and match between the two (one source install, one binary), but it is

freebsd_ports

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-07-11T20:24:05+00:00

FreeBSD Ports * FreeBSD * FreeBSD Knobs * FreeBSD Packages * FreeBSD Ports Upgrades * Using the ports system Download ports tree portsnap fetch portsnap extract Update ports tree portsnap fetch portsnap update Upgrading packages installed with ports List outdated ports: pkg_version -v pkg_version -vIL=

freebsd_ports_upgrades

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-17T19:44:10+00:00

FreeBSD Ports Upgrades * FreeBSD * FreeBSD Ports * portsnap - sync ports tree * portmaster - upgrade world * portaudit - get security notices Upgrade ports portsnap fetch update portmaster -G -a

ftp

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-30T15:07:57+00:00

ftp * lftp * ncftp * yafc Save download to a file You can use an HTTP or an FTP URL. ftp -o

ftpd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:20:55+00:00

FTPD VSFTPD Configuration is in /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf PAM module is in /etc/pam.d/ftpd It uses pam_require and is limited to users in ftp-users group. Feature Configuration Default chroot users chroot_local_user NO Passive support pasv_enable

gdisk

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:40:38+00:00

gdisk * Filesystems Use gdisk instead of fdisk to create GPT partition tables. It's pretty self explanatory using it.

gentoo

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:38:12+00:00

Gentoo Linux . .vir. d$b .d$$$$$$b. .cd$$b. .d$$b. d$$$$$$$$$$$b .d$$b. .d$$b. $$$$( )$$$b d$$$()$$$. d$$$$$$$b Q$$$$$$$P$$$P.$$$$$$$b. .$$$$$$$b. Q$$$$$$$$$$B$$$$$$$$P" d$$$PQ$$$$b. $$$$. .$$$P' `$$$ .$$$P' `$$$ "$$$$$$$P Q$$$$$$$b d$$$P Q$$$$b $$$$b $$$$b..d$$$ $$$$b..d$$$ d$$$$$$P" "$$$$$$$$ Q$$$ Q$$$$ $$$$$ `Q$$$$$$$P `Q$$$$$$$P | $$$$$$$P `""""" …

gentoo_apache

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-07-31T18:07:51+00:00

Gentoo Linux: Apache * Apache * Apache Worker MPM PHP CGI Suexec Setup * Gentoo Running Apache on Gentoo gives you a lot of flexibility. However, out of the box, there are a lot of modules that are not used in many client configurations. Modules The modules that Apache is built with can be set by

gentoo_networking

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-27T20:56:06+00:00

Gentoo Networking * Gentoo * Networking * hostname To set the FQDN hostname for Gentoo, set it as the first entry in /etc/hosts: 127.0.0.1 gentoo.beandog.org gentoo localhost You can see the available interfaces in /sys: ls /sys/class/net Bonding Install ifenslave package to set up bonding. Also make sure your kernel has bonding enabled, or the

gentoo_raid

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-01T22:55:35+00:00

Gentoo RAID * cryptsetup * mdadm Setup mdadm to load in boot runlevel. Use --mdadm-config=/etc/mdadm.conf if using genkernel to boot If using crypsetup, also add dmcrypt to boot runlevel

gentoo_vmware

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:24:24+00:00

Gentoo VMWare * Gentoo * VMWare * Gentoo Wiki: VMWare Player Setup Gentoo as a VMWare Guest VMWare Host Set up the new guest as a 2.6 Linux guest. Kernel I'm using gentoo-sources 3.8.13 for the kernel. Kernel config located here. vmware-tools You can use the ISO tools that ship with VMWare or you can install them from portage. I recommend portage, since they are newer.

gentoo_xen

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-02T16:40:37+00:00

Gentoo Xen * Xen * xl * Gentoo Wiki: Xen Kernel configuration for Xen domain0: Processor type and features ---> [*] Linux guest support ---> [*] Enable paravirtualization code [*] Xen guest support [*] Support for running as a PVH guest [*] Paravirtualization layer for spinlocks

getopt

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-27T22:47:39+00:00

getopt * bash * getopts * sh Generally speaking, use getopts since it is newer and a built-in function of bash. Use getopt if you are looking for consistency across platforms. The man page has a good example, but here are some of the basics: Use -a: to requires an argument, either directly after the

getopts

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-04-01T17:56:25+00:00

getopts * bash * getopt * Small getopts tutorial getopts is a built-in bash feature. Comparatively, getopt is a separate binary. getopts Syntax getopts optstring name [args] Setting options Use the optstring variable to set what arguments can be accepted by the program.

git

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2021-01-26T04:41:17+00:00

git * git commit a file and ignore changes Get hash tag of last commit git log -1 --format=oneline | cut -d " " -f 1 Configure pager This will cause less to exit as soon as it reaches end-of-file. This is helpful for git output where it is less than one page. Edit your .gitconfig

glances

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:42:25+00:00

glances * Homepage Glances is a CLI tool that displays an overview of system status. Ubuntu Installation If it is not in a repo for your release, it's easiest to install it using pypi. aptitude install python-pip build-essential python-dev python-psutil pip install glances

glibc

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-06-17T17:42:19+00:00

glibc Find out what version is installed Will also display the GCC version, etc. Run this as a command: /lib/libc.so.6

glusterfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-07T17:09:03+00:00

glusterfs * Filesystems * mkfs.xfs * uses NFS * very few dependencies * can run on top of any filesystem * automatic failover Things I'm not sure about: * no-metadata server architecture * noted some performance slowdown with Samba * using any filesystem means that they're not taking advantage of some situations, or may be not using a large featureset; generally, it makes me think this is more of a hobby setup (

google_dns

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T20:42:08+00:00

Google DNS * DNS * Google Public DNS Google DNS will not do anything when broken or missing DNS records are encountered. It follows the DNS protocol exactly as expected. IPV4 * 8.8.8.8 * 8.8.4.4 IPV6 * 2001:4860:4860::8888 * 2001:4860:4860::8844

gpg

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-07-21T21:56:03+00:00

GPG * GPG Quick Start Create a GPG key gpg --gen-key Running this will call pinentry in ncurses mode (if used on a remote connection), but will die if in a screen session. Export your public key You need to give your public key to others so that they can use GPG to encrypt files that only you can decrypt. Here's how to get your public key:

grep

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-03-28T22:35:51+00:00

grep * ack * sed * -x - Select only those matches that exactly match the whole line. Check if a line exists Returns 0 or 1 exit codes cat filelist | grep -xq string Return line number cat filelist -n string

grub

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-02T17:57:54+00:00

grub * grub2 * Making your system robust NetBSD * NetBSD * NetBSD Xen howto =========================================================================== $NetBSD: MESSAGE,v 1.6 2006/12/17 19:21:42 jmmv Exp $ If your root filesystem is of a type not supported directly by grub (e.g., lfs), you may have difficulties. See the info docs for more details. GRUB is not actually installed on your disk until you run a command such as grub-install /dev/wd0d or grub-install '…

grub2-install

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-02T18:10:41+00:00

grub2-install * grub2 * -v - verbose output * --boot-directory=DIR - install GRUB images under the directory DIR/grub instead of the boot/grub directory * --no-bootsector - do not install bootsector * -s or --skip-fs-probe - do not probe for filesystems in DEVICE

grub2

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-02T18:10:34+00:00

grub2 * grub * grub2-install

handbrake

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-10-23T20:22:18+00:00

Handbrake * Video Conversion Encode a video to 480p handbrake --optimize --encoder x264 --width 852 --height 480 -i input.mp4 -o output.mp4 Presets Settings marked with an * are different from the x264 default medium preset. Settings shown in brackets [] are what they will be set to, either by default or another setting. They do not need to be passed as an argument to the libav or x264 encoder.

haproxy

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:45:08+00:00

haproxy * High Availability * Load Balancing * haproxy * Nuts & Bolts: haproxy

hdfs_balancer

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-11T15:20:15+00:00

hdfs balancer * Hadoop * hdfs Use hdfs balancer to force a balance of data across all nodes.

hdfs_dfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-19T00:21:44+00:00

hdfs dfs * Hadoop * HDFS * hdfs dfsadmin * HDFS Command Reference Permissions: Note that files listed by hdfs dfs are owned by the hdfs user on the Linux system. That means that files on HDFS must be written / removed / modified by user hdfs. Using root will not work. Removing files

hdfs_dfsadmin

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-19T00:22:31+00:00

dfsadmin * Hadoop * HDFS * HDFS dfsadmin Command Reference Put the cluster in Safemode: hdfs dfsadmin -safemode enter Recommission or decommission DataNode(s): hdfs dfsadmin -refreshNodes Get information about your HDFS filesystem: hdfs dfsadmin -report Check the status of the nodes in the rack

hdfs_filesystem

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-08T21:08:34+00:00

HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) * Hadoop * hdfs NameNode - master server that manages the file system namespace and regulates access to files by clients About From the documentation: HDFS is the primary distributed storage used by Hadoop applications. A HDFS cluster primarily consists of a NameNode that manages the file system metadata and DataNodes that store the actual data.

hdfs_fsck

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-09T16:41:56+00:00

hdfs fsck * Hadoop * hdfs Check the health of a file hdfs fsck /user/root/sample.txt ... The filesystem under path '/user/root/sample.txt' is HEALTHY Check the health of a file, and display the blocks as well hdfs fsck /user/root/sample.txt -files -blocks

hdparm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-10-09T05:50:53+00:00

hdarm Test hard drive read/write speed: hdparm -tT /dev/sda1

hiawatha

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-04-26T00:05:56+00:00

hiawatha * Hosting WordPress with Hiawatha

high_availability

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:29:25+00:00

High Availability * CDN * haproxy - HTTP proxy * heartbeat * Load Balancing * mysql-proxy * monit * squid About High Availability involves doing everything possible to keep a server self-maintained, self-healing, and with the highest amount of uptime possible with the lowest amount of administrator interaction. The goal is to keep a server online.

homebrew

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:29:58+00:00

homebrew * Macbook * OS X * Percona homebrew * Xcode * dnsmasq * launchctl Install homebrew ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/go/install)" export GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY=1 brew install git brew install openssl Install basics brew install bash sudo echo /usr/local/bin/bash >> /etc/shells chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash sudo chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash

host

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T20:46:32+00:00

host * Networking * DNS The host command is designed to do lookups through the DNS server. It doesn't use /etc/hosts to resolve names. Display lookup details This will display which DNS server it is querying. host -v beandog.org Reverse lookup Find the hostname of an IP address.

hostname

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:32:01+00:00

hostname * Gentoo Networking * scutil

hosts_file

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-06T20:47:01+00:00

Hosts File * DNS When looking up a domain name, the DNS request returns an IP address that the site is located at. You can override which IP address a domain is mapped to by editing your hosts file temporarily. To do this on OS X, open a Terminal session and run this command:

htaccess

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:45:52+00:00

htaccess * Apache * List of HTTP status codes * SEO redirects without mod_rewrite Redirects Status Definition 301 Moved permanently 307 Temporary redirect Redirect a single file Redirect 301 /d/file.html /ddd/file.html Redirect entire site to new domain Redirect 301 / http://www.domain.com

htop

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-09T15:44:58+00:00

htop * Linux Memory and Processes htop is an alternative display for top, showing system processes. By default, htop will order the processes by PID. FreeBSD echo linproc /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0 >> /etc/fstab mkdir -p /usr/compat/linux/proc ln -s /usr/compat /compat mount linproc

htpasswd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-04-03T16:52:45+00:00

htpasswd * Apache * Authentication, Authorization and Access Control * htpasswd - Manage user files for basic authentication Web password files such as those managed by htpasswd should not be within the Web server's URI space -- that is, they should not be fetchable with a browser. Create new password file htpasswd -c passwdfile username

hwclock

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-13T15:08:52+00:00

hwclock * Gentoo Wiki: Hardware clock

ifconfig

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-27T20:08:29+00:00

ifconfig * Networking * ifenslave * ifup * ip * route Syntax: * ifconfig [-v] [-a] [-s] interface * ifconfig [-v] interface [aftype] options | address ... Options: * -a - display all interfaces that are available, even if down * -s [interface] - display a short list (similar to

ifdata

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-04T18:12:53+00:00

ifdata * moreutils ifdata is a program to display network device information in a clean, simple format. Display IPv4 address, fex, 192.168.1.1: ifdata -pa eth0 Print yes or no if the interface exists. ifdata -pe eth0 Return an exit code if device exists or not:

ifenslave

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-27T20:38:44+00:00

ifenslave * Bonding * Gentoo Networking * Ubuntu Networking * ifconfig * ifup * ip * Linux Ethernet Bonding Driver HOWTO - kernel.org * Debian wiki entry The ifenslave program is used to set up bonding for network devices. This must be used in conjunction with support for bonding in the Linux kernel. Program syntax is ifenslave [options] master slave [slave..]

ifup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-27T20:05:12+00:00

ifup / ifdown / ifquery * Networking * Ubuntu Networking * ifconfig * ifenslave * ip * ifup - bring a network interface up * ifdown - take a network interface down * ifquery - parse interface configuration\ ifup, ifdown, and ifquery are shipped with Ubuntu to manage network interfaces. The interface configurations are set in

imv

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-07-28T21:39:57+00:00

imv * renameutils Part of renameutils package. Also includes icp, qmv and qcp. Move a file but use readline to edit the target filename: imv gentoo-2014.iso

init

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-04T13:54:31+00:00

init Tips and Tricks Reload init without rebooting server init q Host Virtual Ran into this problem with one of my Gentoo installs. Make sure that /etc/inittab has a console entry for out-of-band connections. co:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty hvc0 9600 vt100-nav

innodb

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-10T21:59:25+00:00

InnoDB * MySQL * InnoDB Foreign Keys * Percona Toolkit * pt-find Find InnoDB tables The table_schema table is the database name. SELECT table_schema, table_name, engine FROM information_schema.tables WHERE engine = 'InnoDB' ORDER BY table_schema, table_name; Use pt-find: pt-find --noquote --engine InnoDB

innodb_foreign_keys

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-06-28T16:08:10+00:00

InnoDB Foreign Keys Features * Forces database consistency * No need to rely on application for referential integrity Usage * Primary use is for parent-child table relationships * Parent-child relationships can exist within the same table

ip

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-01-05T06:25:21+00:00

ip * Networking * Linux ip Command Examples Display devices # ip link 1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: ens32: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:14:99:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: ens35: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:14:99:59 br…

iperf

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:47:24+00:00

iperf * Homepage * iperf - the easy tutorial iperf is used to measure the network throughput of two servers. To use it, have a server that listens for incoming connections, and tell the client to connect to it. In both cases, using megabytes as format. Server: iperf -f M -s

iptables

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-29T23:01:32+00:00

iptables * Firewall * Security * ufw Firewall testing Make a cron job run every five minutes that resets the firewall so you can prevent yourself from getting locked out while testing any changes. Here is a new cronjob entry: */5 * * * * /etc/init.d/iptables restart

iterm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-02-18T23:55:51+00:00

iterm * bash * OS X * Use /usr/local/bin/bash with iTerm

kill

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-13T23:23:54+00:00

kill Reload configuration files kill -HUP Abort program (Ctl-C) kill -6 Finish your work and exit kill -15

ksh

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T17:40:07+00:00

#!/bin/ksh * OpenBSD * NetBSD * bash * csh * sh * tcsh * zsh * ksh preparedness * KSH script basics * Stupid Korn Shell Tricks - Good stuff for someone coming from bash * Summary of shell facilities Source a file Two ways. Using . you need to give it the path: . ./.kshrc . ~/.kshrc

lamp

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:49:38+00:00

Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP * AMP Stack * Apache * MySQL * SendGrid * PCI Compliance * PHP * Ubuntu Deployment Apache * Apache SSL * SSL Certificates MySQL * MySQL Configuration * MySQL Logs * MySQL Privileges * MySQL Optimization PHP * PHP CGI * PHP Check Security * Apache Security * MySQL Security * PHP Security Optimization * Apache Benchmarks * Apache Tuning * PHP Optimization * Website Optimization Monitoring * Apache Server Info …

launchctl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:33:23+00:00

launchctl * OS X Display what services are loaded launchctl list Force a service to be launched Fixes “nothing found to load”: launchctl load -w -F [plist.file] Add to init services, and start Will always run: launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.dnsmasq.plist

ldd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-13T04:20:27+00:00

ldd Use ldd to see which dynamic libraries a binary is linked against. You can edit /etc/ldd.so.conf to update the directories that are searched when compiling programs.

less

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-05-02T21:35:31+00:00

less Arguments * -F - exit if the entire file is display on the first screen * -i - ignore case on searches * -J - Displays an asterisk next to each matching line of a search (but also adds a blank column on the left) Keyboard commands Where

lftp

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-30T15:20:23+00:00

lftp * ftp * ncftp * yafc Connect to an FTP server anonymously: lftp -u anonymous, ftp.beandog.org Connect with username, password, run one or multiple command: lftp -u beandog,seekrit -e 'ls,quit' ftp.beandog.org

libressl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-02-19T20:17:03+00:00

libressl * OpenSSH * openssl *

linux_memory_and_processes

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-02-08T20:31:36+00:00

Linux Memory and Processes * Apache Tuning * htop * Troubleshooting memory usage Use free to determine how much memory is being used, and how much is available. Display memory usage in MB: free -m Sample output: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3952 3849 103 0 1917 574 -/+ buffers/cache: 1357 2595 Swap: 517 256 261

lm-sensors

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:48:57+00:00

lm-sensors * Homepage Ubuntu Install lm-sensors package. Answer YES to all yes/no questions. When finished detecting the drivers, rerun modules init script to load the kernel modules: service module-init-tools start Display temperature in Farenheit

load_balancing

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-10-02T19:37:39+00:00

Load Balancing * haproxy * High Availability * Load balancing with nginx * Apache mod_proxy_balancer

locate

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-13T23:27:35+00:00

locate FreeBSD * FreeBSD Update database /usr/libexec/locate.updatedb Update database using cron job /etc/periodic/weekly/310.locate

logger

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-19T15:57:05+00:00

logger Send a string of text to the system logger. logger just testing :D Aug 19 09:56:04 alan-one root: just testing :D You can also tag a log entry as well, giving it a prefix: logger -t wiki i can haz logs Aug 19 09:56:37 alan-one wiki: i can haz logs

logrotate

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-10-07T20:06:44+00:00

Rotating System Logs * rsyslog Configuration Options * create - permissions * dateext - append the date to the extension instead of a number -- default is -YYYYMMDD * ifempty - rotate the log even if the file is empty (default)

ls

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-18T18:15:46+00:00

ls * coreutils List only directories: ls -d

lsof

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:49:43+00:00

lsof * Homepage Show networking on a port lsof -iTCP -i :port lsof -i :22 Show connections to a host lsof -i@192.168.1.5 Find ports that are being listened to lsof -i | grep LISTEN Find files open by user lsof -u Find files open by command

lvm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-06-07T01:26:14+00:00

LVM How this works, going from largest to smallest: * pv - physical volume. Examples: /dev/sda, /dev/sdb * vg - volume group. Group of physical volumes. * lv - logical volume. A partition within a volume group. This is what you would format and mount a device as.

mac-fdisk

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-16T03:26:51+00:00

mac-fdisk * PowerMac G5 * mac-fdisk basics You can use mac-fdisk to create partitions. When doing so, you'll need to know the exact blocks a device has. List partitions: mac-fdisk -l When creating a new partition, if you don't want to use start / stop blocks, use p.

mail_servers

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:37:33+00:00

Mail Servers * opendkim * postfix * sendmail * ssmtp * Mail Tester * Sender ID Framework SPF Record Wizard - very nice interface to generate SPF DNS records. * SPF Common Mistakes * Sender Policy Framework - Project Overview * SPF Record Syntax * SPF Query Tool * MX Toolbox * Google Apps Toolbox: Check MX * Google Apps MX record values SPF Records SPF records are DNS TXT records that verify that the server that is sending outgoing email from your domain name is auth…

mdadm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-29T18:32:44+00:00

mdadm * Filesystems Use mdadm to create RAID levels. Modes (from the man page): * Create - Create a new array with per-device metadata (superblocks). * Assemble - Assemble the components of a previously created array into an active array, either by searching or specifying devices directly (see Create mode).

memcache

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-07-18T15:23:52+00:00

memcache CentOS Install First, install development libraries that are dependencies: yum install libevent-devel Download memcache tarball from website, and install as normal. Install PECL module pecl install memcache Add this to php.ini, and restart Apache

mkfs.xfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-04T17:46:04+00:00

mkfs.xfs * XFS * mount * xfs_info * XFS Overview & Internals: mkfs * XFS Overview & Internals: mount * XFS Practical Exercises: mkfs & mount Creating an XFS filesystem can use a partition or the logical device directly. mkfs.xfs /dev/sda1 mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb Do a dry-run and see what filesystem attributes it would set: mkfs.xfs -N /dev/sda1

mkisofs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-30T22:29:20+00:00

mkisofs * -V set volume name

mod_pagespeed

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-01-13T00:44:56+00:00

mod_pagespeed * Apache * Install from source * FAQ: Why don't you allow source-installs in Apache via ./configure && make? OS X Install Install gperf through homebrew: brew install gperf

monit

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-10-04T19:58:10+00:00

Monit * Monit Examples * SocketLabs * dropbear * Documentation Monit is a systems software watchdog. It will monitor services to make sure they are running, and take care of them if they get out of control. Monitoring Modes There are two ways for monit to operate: as active or passive. Active tries to fix problems while passive only monitors them, but sends alerts when something happens.

monitoring

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-13T23:19:33+00:00

Monitoring Software * Monit * Nagios * Collectd * CGP * AWStats * pflogsumm * sysstat * psacct * iostat Hosting Providers * Linode Status Updates

monit_examples

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-05-14T20:02:20+00:00

Monit Examples * Monit Reminders Keep sending reminders that a service is broken. Since the default for our setup is every 2 minutes, once every day would be 720 cycles. Once a day: ... alert with reminder on 720 cycles Every half hour: ... alert with reminder on 15 cycles

moreutils

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-04T18:18:20+00:00

moreutils “a growing collection of the unix tools that nobody thought to write thirty years ago” * errno - look up errno names and descriptions * ifdata - get network interface info without parsing ifconfig output * ifne - Run command if the standard input is not empty

mount

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-08T19:15:29+00:00

mount * Filesystems For a simple, safe performance-saving option, add noatime to not have the filesystem update access timestamps when a file is read. /dev/sda1 / ext4 noatime 0 1 ext4 Use discard as a mount option for SSD drives:

mp4box

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-02-28T20:58:33+00:00

mp4box * faac * libav * x264 * Video Conversion * Homepage mp4box is used to mux files into an MP4 container. Create an MP4 file from an x264 video and a faac audio file for streaming faac -b 96k -o audio.m4a audio.wav mp4box -add video.264 -add audio.m4a -fps 23.976 video.mp4 mp4box -inter 500 video.mp4

multicast_dns

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:54:02+00:00

Multicast DNS * Avahi * dnsmasq * OS X Multicast DNS provides hostname resolution as well as advertises services to local computers. It is only available on a LAN, and will not work over VPN. OS X OS X relies heavily on multicast DNS for name resolution, and will often prefer mDNS over a local

mysql

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T03:42:00+00:00

MySQL * MySQL Character Sets * MySQL Configuration * MySQL Optimization * MySQL OS X * MySQL Logs * MySQL Privileges * MySQL Maintenance and Repair * MySQL Security * MySQL Source Installation * MySQL SSL * MySQL Statistics * MySQL Views * mysql prompt * mysqladmin * mysqldump * mysqlreport * InnoDB * Percona * phpMyAdmin Howtos Change update_date timestamp automatically ALTER TABLE `table` CHANGE `update_date` `update_date` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CU…

mysqladmin

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-08-28T16:30:44+00:00

mysqladmin * MySQL * MySQL Privileges * mysqldump * mysqlimport Syntax mysqladmin [options] Create Database mysqladmin create Drop Database mysqladmin drop Flush logs Gotcha: mysqladmin flush will not display any errors to stdout. Instead, any problems are logged to mysqld error log. This means that if it keeps running, it could be stuck on a problem, and not tell you.

mysqldump

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:51:37+00:00

mysqldump * MySQL * mysqladmin * mysqlimport Options are processed in the order given. Dump a MySQL database that will, on restore, drop the database and it's tables and then recreate them. It will also ignore comments, and set the character set to UTF8. mysqldump --add-drop-database --add-drop-table --default-character-set=utf8 --skip-comments --order-by-primary

mysqlimport

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-03-30T16:12:45+00:00

mysqlimport * MySQL * mysqladmin * mysqldump Import database mysqlimport [options] database mysql.sql Empty table before importing mysqlimport -D [options] database mysql.sql Lock tables for writing This ensures that all tables are synchronized on the server.

mysqlreport

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:52:57+00:00

mysqlreport * MySQL * MySQL Optimization * MariaDB mysqlreport mysqlreport makes an easy-to-read report of important MySQL status values.

mysql_character_sets

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-10-07T20:27:04+00:00

MySQL Character Sets * MySQL MySQL, by default, uses LATIN1 encoding. You can verify this by opening up a mysql shell and running this statement: SHOW VARIABLES WHERE variable_name = 'character_set_client'; MySQL and PHP See what encoding PHP is using to connect as:

mysql_configuration

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:55:16+00:00

MySQL Configuration * MySQL * MySQL Character Sets * MySQL Logs * MySQL Optimization Update Runtime Configuration For MB sizes, use bc 1024^2 * Set key_buffer_size to 16MB SET GLOBAL key_buffer_size = 16777216; Set max_allowed_packet to 1MB SET GLOBAL max_allowed_packet = 1048576;

mysql_logs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-10-03T18:37:52+00:00

MySQL Logs * MySQL * MySQL Configuration * MySQL Optimization * maatkit * logrotate * By default, MySQL doesn't keep any logs. All logs need to be properly secured, since they can contain sensitive data within queries. Logs can quickly grow in size, especially slow queries if watching for rows that don't use indexes on lookups. Be sure to setup proper log rotation.

mysql_maintenance_and_repair

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T03:28:41+00:00

MySQL Maintenance and Repair * MySQL Repair and optimize MySQL tables mysqlcheck --auto-repair --check --optimize --all-databases

mysql_optimization

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-24T17:36:16+00:00

MySQL Optimization * Optimization * MySQL * MySQL Configuration * MySQL Logs * mysqlreport * mysqltuner * Optimizing SELECT Statements The best places to look for optimizing MySQL are: * Configuring for proper memory environment * Disabling unused engines * Setting up a slow query log to determine inefficient queries *

mysql_os_x

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-11-07T18:21:04+00:00

MySQL OS X * MySQL * homebrew Percona 5.5 Install Percona through homebrew: brew install homebrew/versions/percona-server55 Initial setup of database unset TMPDIR mysql_install_db --verbose --user=`whoami` --basedir="$(brew --prefix percona-server55)" --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql --tmpdir=/tmp

mysql_privileges

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-05-29T15:55:39+00:00

MySQL Privileges * MySQL * mysqladmin * mysqldump * mysqlimport * Privileges Provided by MySQL Users Create a new admin mysql -e "CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'some_pass';" mysql -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO user@localhost WITH GRANT OPTION;" Create a new user for website

mysql_prompt

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-05-09T17:25:58+00:00

mysql prompt * mysql commands Display username, hostname, database, H:M:S. Add to .my.cnf [mysql] prompt = "(\u@\h) [\d] \\r:\\m:\\s> "

mysql_security

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-02-10T21:19:22+00:00

MySQL Security * MySQL Security Best Practices

mysql_source_installation

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:56:26+00:00

MySQL Source Installation * MySQL Generic install for MySQL. Add mysql group and user: groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql mysql Target install base: /var/run/mysqld/ - mysqld.sock /usr/bin - binaries /etc/mysql - configuration /usr/lib/ - libraries /usr/lib/mysql/plugin - plugins /usr/sbin - mysqld binary /usr/share/doc/percona-server-5.5/ - docs /usr/share - shares /usr/share/man - man pages /usr/share/mysql - charsets

mysql_ssl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-09-03T19:29:05+00:00

MySQL SSL * MySQL * MySQL SSL and Secure Connections

mysql_statistics

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-05-22T16:21:03+00:00

MySQL Statistics * MySQL * pt-find All the data that MySQL provides can be displayed by a SHOW command, or through the information_schema table. Display process list The info column is the SQL query being executed. SELECT id, user, host, db, command, time, state, info FROM information_schema.processlist ORDER BY id;

mysql_views

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-05-22T19:56:41+00:00

MySQL Views * MySQL * mysqldump Display a list of the views SELECT table_schema, table_name FROM information_schema.views; Display a view creation statement SELECT view_definition FROM information_schema.views WHERE table_name = ; mysqldump notes

nagios

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-12-21T22:43:35+00:00

nagios Nagios monitors system health and sends out alerts. * nrpe * Nagios plugins Installation Typically, you have a nagios master server which collects stats from remote clients. The master server will run nagios, while clients will run NRPE. Apache You will need an

nagios_plugins

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-10-08T16:41:30+00:00

Nagios plugins * Nagios * NRPE check_disk Check the amount of disk space available. Warning on 20% remaining, critical on 10% remaining, looking at path “/”: check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p / check_load Check the current system load average. The load average format is the same used by

namei

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-08-19T22:38:02+00:00

namei Follow a path as a user to see where your permissions end. $ namei -l /root f: /root drwxr-xr-x root root / drwx------ root root root

nbtscan

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-09-30T19:23:30+00:00

nbtscan * Samba Scan for NetBIOS machines nbtscan -r 192.168.12.0/24

ncdu

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-01-20T18:24:02+00:00

ncdu ncdu - ncurses disk usage viewer. Same filesystem Don't go across any partitions or mount points that you originated command from. ncdu -x

ncftp

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-30T15:06:50+00:00

ncftp * ftp * ncftp * yafc Usage: ncftp [flags] [ | ] ftp login ncftp -u steve ftp.beandog.org

net

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-06T16:34:47+00:00

net * Samba * sc * Windows net is a Windows program. On Linux, it is shipped with Samba, and can be used to administrate servers. Connect a Windows share to a drive net use p: \\samba\documents

netatalk

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T00:12:53+00:00

netatalk * Avahi * Multicast DNS * Network Fileshares * OS X * Samba * Netatalk wiki * afp.conf man page * Apple Filing Protocol Programming Guide * netatalk.user mailing list netatalk provides AFP network file sharing on Linux. Configuration Like Samba, netatalk appears to apply configuration changes without a restart. Global Configuration The global configuration defaults work fine. Here's some things you may want to change, with their defaults:

netbsd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-05-31T14:28:34+00:00

NetBSD * NetBSD Install * NetBSD Packages - Binary Installs * NetBSD Partitioning * NetBSD pkgsrc - Source Code Installs * pkg_add * pkg_delete * pkg_info * NetBSD Apache * NetBSD MySQL * NetBSD PHP * NetBSD Sources - NetBSD FTP mirror topography * NetBSD Xen * disklabel * fdisk * ksh * newfs * raidctl NetBSD Packages Sites * pkgsrc.se * pkgsrc - portable package build system * pkgsrc-wip NetBSD Links * pkgsrc: The NetBSD Packages Collection * Net…

netbsd_apache

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-31T21:12:23+00:00

NetBSD Apache * NetBSD Setup * Apache user: www * Configuration files: /usr/pkg/etc/httpd The following files should be created for apache-2.2.22nb1: /etc/rc.d/apache (m=0755) [/usr/pkg/share/examples/rc.d/apache] mod_fcgid

netbsd_install

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-02T01:38:53+00:00

NetBSD Install * NetBSD * NetBSD Install Sets Initial Installation * Download NetBSD ISOs * Install From ISO * Afterboot * Network Configuration * Package Repositories * Install Upgrades * Security Updates Post-Installation * Install GNU System Utilities * Install Commonly Used Applications * Miscellaneous Setup and Configuration * Install X11

netbsd_install_afterboot

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:59:57+00:00

NetBSD Install Afterboot * NetBSD * NetBSD Install See man afterboot for a guideline as to what to do next Starting out * man ls As the man page suggests, going through these steps will give you a warm fuzzy that you've at least got the basics going. Like the man page, this also assumes you have a basic knowledge of UNIX.

netbsd_install_gnu

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-16T00:16:17+00:00

NetBSD Install GNU * NetBSD Install pkg_add bash wget chsh -s /usr/pkg/bin/bash cp /usr/pkg/share/examples/screen/screenrc /usr/pkg/etc/screenrc Install coreutils pkg_add coreutils Setup PATH environment to prefer GNU echo PATH="/usr/pkg/gnu/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.shrc

netbsd_install_iso

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-15T22:17:50+00:00

NetBSD ISO Install * NetBSD Install NetBSD ISOs Installing NetBSD from an ISO, the website is a bit confusing as to what files are what. Use the FTP link above, and download the latest ISO in the naming format of NetBSD-6.0.1-i386.iso Booting When booting the ISO, it may say

netbsd_install_miscellaneous

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-15T23:28:11+00:00

* NetBSD Install Linux Emulation Some programs need Linux emulation to read processes. mkdir -p /emul/linux/proc procfs mount_procfs -o linux procfs /emul/linux/proc Add to /etc/fstab: procfs /emul/linux/proc procfs ro,linux Update locate database /usr/libexec/locate.updatedb

netbsd_install_network

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-15T23:25:12+00:00

* NetBSD Install echo hostname= >> /etc/rc.conf echo dhcpcd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.d/dhcpcd start Add OpenSSH to startup: echo sshd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.d/sshd start Setup ntp-client: echo ntpd=YES >> /etc/rc.conf echo ntpdate=YES >> /etc/rc.conf

netbsd_install_security

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-18T00:06:10+00:00

* NetBSD Install Upgrade vulnerability database mkdir -p /var/db/pkg pkg_admin -K /var/db/pkg fetch-pkg-vulnerabilities echo ALLOW_VULNERABLE_PACKAGES=1 >> /etc/mk.conf

netbsd_install_sets

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:00:35+00:00

NetBSD Install Binary Sets * NetBSD * NetBSD Install A minimal install will need more packages. NetBSD provides tarballs of groups of installation basics in sets. Be sure to download these using the correct version and architecture. NetBSD 6.0.1 and amd64: ftp -i ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-6.0.1/amd64/binary/sets/ mget *

netbsd_install_upgrades

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-16T00:48:45+00:00

* NetBSD * NetBSD Install Upgrading * Updating an existing system from sources You can bring your NetBSD install up to date by downloading the latest snapshot of sources, unpacking it, then rebuilding. You could also download the updates using CSV, if desired. Download the latest snapshot and unpack it:

netbsd_mysql

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:00:51+00:00

NetBSD MySQL * NetBSD Setup * Data: /var/mysql * Socket: /tmp/mysql.sock Install cp /usr/pkg/share/examples/rc.d/mysqld /etc/rc.d mkdir /var/mysql chown mysql:mysql /var/mysql /etc/rc.d/mysql start

netbsd_packages

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-03T00:46:52+00:00

NetBSD Binary Packages * NetBSD Setup NetBSD Binary Packages This is how to setup NetBSD to install programs using binary packages. Select the proper NetBSD release and architecture. If the version of NetBSD is 5.1.2, the release is 5.1. NetBSD 5.1 and i386:

netbsd_partitioning

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-06-21T19:40:09+00:00

NetBSD Partitioning * NetBSD * disklabel * fdisk * sysctl MBR Partitions Coming from Linux, setting up partitions in NetBSD is quite different. The two operating systems can co-exist happily, though, because of how the two share partitions. The short version of this document is this: Linux uses an MBR entry for each of it's partitions, while NetBSD uses one MBR entry for all of its partitions, and then uses a subset to divide that entry as well into smaller entries.

netbsd_php

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-30T22:14:47+00:00

NetBSD PHP * NetBSD CGI binary is located at /usr/pkg/libexec/cgi-bin/php

netbsd_pkgsrc

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-06-11T23:18:49+00:00

NetBSD pkgsrc (Source Code Installs) * NetBSD * pkgsrc frontend Install programs onto NetBSD building from source code. Install NetBSD ports Download and install the pkgsrc contents: ftp ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/current/pkgsrc.tar.gz tar -zxf pkgsrc.tar.gz -C /usr

netbsd_pkg_add

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-16T00:13:52+00:00

NetBSD pkg_add * NetBSD * NetBSD Packages * pkg_delete * pkg_info Install a package pkg_add bash Verbose output pkg_add -v bash Dry run pkg_add -n bash

netbsd_pkg_delete

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T17:44:52+00:00

pkg_delete * OpenBSD * pkg_add * pkg_info OpenBSD makes deleting packages easy. You can either specify the package name or the package-version name syntax from pkg_info: pkg_info pkg_delete wget pkg_delete wget-1.16.1

netbsd_pkg_info

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-30T21:50:24+00:00

NetBSD pkg_info * NetBSD Arguments, where is the short name, i.e. sudo. * -D - display post-installation messages * -d - view package description * -E - check if package is installed using best match for name * -e

netbsd_sources

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-16T00:02:39+00:00

NetBSD Sources * NetBSD This setup assumes NetBSD version 6.0.1 and amd64 architecture. Source Location kernel binary sets ISOs vulns? pkg_src repo

netbsd_xen

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:01:20+00:00

NetBSD Xen * NetBSD * Xen * disklabel * grub * vnconfig * newfs * NetBSD Xen Howto - NetBSD Doc * Compiling Xen From Source on NetBSD - Xen Wiki * NetBSD Xen Guide - user howto, has some extra details * Xen Garden - another user howto, got vnconfig details from here * Using vnconfig to add vnode-backed swap on NetBSD - related in showing vnconfig syntax and case example * How to set up a guest os using xen3 - NetBSD wiki article, good for reference

netcat

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:02:05+00:00

netcat * Networking * nmap Scan a server for open ports nc -v beandog.org 1-1023

netstat

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:36:40+00:00

netstat * Network Diagnosis * Display processes that are listening on ports: netstat -plnt Don't trim hostnames netstat -T

networking

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-09T22:02:04+00:00

Networking * Gentoo Networking * Ubuntu Networking * Bonding * CIDR * DNS * host * hostname * ifconfig * ifenslave - bonding * ifup * ip * route

network_diagnosis

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:35:56+00:00

Network Diagnosis * Diagnosis * mtr * netstat * ngrep

network_fileshares

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-29T22:54:09+00:00

Network Fileshares * Avahi * Multicast DNS * netatalk * Samba

network_monitoring

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-09-18T16:56:29+00:00

Network Monitoring * iftop * iptraf-ng iptraf-ng Good for an overview of how much traffic is being used. darktstat * Creates graphs based on network traffic.

newfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-22T18:04:48+00:00

newfs * Filesystems * NetBSD * OpenBSD * disklabel * fdisk * raidctl * softraid Create a new UFS filesystem. NetBSD Before creating a filesystem, use disklabel to create a slice. You must use the raw device to create a filesystem: newfs -O 2 /dev/rsd1d Use the block device to mount the new filesystem:

newsyslog

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:03:57+00:00

newsyslog * OS X * newsyslog man page * newsyslog.conf man page Log rotation for OS X. New system log rotation rules are put in /etc/newsyslog.d/ Configuration The configuration for the newsyslog.conf files are as follows: keep 5 logs, don't trim log file based on size, rotate daily, and to compress the log files using bzip2, and not signal any processes post-rotation.

nfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-27T16:38:09+00:00

NFS NFS uses hosts.allow and hosts.deny for IP address restriction. Reload /etc/exports exportfs -ra Display available mounts showmount -e nas ZFS ZFS allows setting up an NFS share directly with the filesystem. zfs set sharenfs=on zpool/zfsset

nginx

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-06-13T17:24:20+00:00

nginx * OpenBSD nginx * nginx Pitfalls - must read before any nginx deployment Server Blocks * nginx server blocks - same functionality as virtual hosts server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; server_name sub.domain.com; root /var/www/vhosts/sub.domain.com/htdocs; index index.html index.htm index.php; }

ngrep

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:37:17+00:00

ngrep * Network Diagnosis * Homepage

nmap

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:54:56+00:00

nmap * Security * iptables * ufw * Homepage * Top 30 Nmap Command Examples For Sys/Network Admins Scan an IP address for open ports nmap

nrpe

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-24T22:57:19+00:00

Nagios Remote Plugin Executor NRPE can provide stats to a nagios daemon. Installation Install Nagios and NRPE as normal, with the requested plugins. Client The main Nagios server will request the stats from the remote client. To do so, make sure that the firewall on the clients will accept TCP connections from the source on port 5666.

nslookup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:11:01+00:00

nslookup * DNS Find last time a DNS record was changed nslookup -q=SOA beandog.org The serial record has YYYYMMDD format as first 8 numbers.

nvram

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-11T21:30:24+00:00

nvram * PowerMac G5 Use nvram to change settings for Open Firmware. To boot into Open Firmare console, hold down Command + Option + O + F during startup after chime. Reset everything: reset-nvram

openbsd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-11-09T09:12:23+00:00

OpenBSD * OpenBSD Apache * OpenBSD Bugzilla * OpenBSD Encrypted Filesystem * OpenBSD Install * OpenBSD LiveUSB * OpenBSD MySQL * OpenBSD nginx * OpenBSD PHP * OpenBSD VPN * ksh * pkg_add * pkg_delete * pkg_info * pkg_mgr * xdm * OpenBSD Packages - binary builds (recommended, link) * OpenBSD Ports - source builds * #OpenBSD wiki * OpenBSD Ports - Search ports * - Upgrade guide: 5.2 to 5.3 * How to Upgrade OpenBS…

openbsd_apache

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-06-17T23:14:03+00:00

OpenBSD Apache * OpenBSD * Apache * PHP Install mod_fcgid Use pkg_mgr to install the package, then update httpd.conf to load the module: LoadModule fcgid_module /usr/local/lib/apache2/mod_fcgid.so

openbsd_bugzilla

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-06-03T23:05:01+00:00

OpenBSD Bugzilla * OpenBSD * Bugzilla I managed to get an Apache 1.3 Bugzilla installation setup. This is possibly incomplete, and does not aim to be a thorough explanation of how to set it up. chroot OpenBSD runs Apache in a root jail, at /var/www. It can get a little confusing at times where the configuration files and documents go if just starting. Because of that, a few things happen: some files like SSL certificates, are on the root filesystem, and some binaries are copied from t…

openbsd_dhcp_server

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:08:53+00:00

OpenBSD DHCP Server Configuration is very simple, direct and intuitive. It would be easy to duplicate this setup quickly. Configuration Setup the main Ethernet device to reserve the first available IP address: /etc/hostname.re0 inet 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0

openbsd_encrypted_filesystem

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-01-15T16:21:20+00:00

OpenBSD Encrypted Filesystem * OpenBSD * Filesystems * * - this * man softraid * man vnconfig * - using svnd to automount and ask for passphrase on boot. It uses the “older” method, but I like this one.

openbsd_install

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:09:19+00:00

OpenBSD Install * OpenBSD * OpenBSD Packages - binary installs (recommended) * OpenBSD Ports - source installs (use for package index) Installing from ISO. Set hostname echo openbsd.beandog.org > /etc/myname Setup network routing Can be used when setting up a static ip Edit

openbsd_liveusb

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-06T00:57:56+00:00

OpenBSD LiveUSB * OpenBSD * OpenBSD LiveUSB * Downloads This is a great way to install OpenBSD from a USB stick. Short version: download the install image install52.img.7z which is an i386 install. Unpack it and copy it to the USB drive: dd if=install52.img bs=512k of=/dev/usbhdd

openbsd_mysql

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-06-03T22:55:30+00:00

OpenBSD MySQL * OpenBSD Installing MySQL on OpenBSD is pretty straight forward. Once you've got the package manager setup, install the package: pkg_add mysql-server And then start the setup: mysql_install_db Because of how the chroot jails are setup, when creating users, grant them access from hostname

openbsd_nginx

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-06-13T17:34:26+00:00

OpenBSD nginx * OpenBSD * OpenBSD PHP * nginx * The OpenBSD nginx/MySQL/PHP stack nginx ships as part of the OS with OpenBSD. To start nginx at boot time, edit rc.conf.local and add default flags: nginx_flags=""

openbsd_packages

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-10-14T06:50:51+00:00

OpenBSD Packages * OpenBSD * pkg_add * pkg_delete * pkg_info * pkg_mgr Packages source Update /etc/installurl to know source of packages: https://cdn.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD Some basics: pkg_add bash pkg_add vim

openbsd_php

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-06-13T18:48:04+00:00

OpenBSD PHP * OpenBSD * OpenBSD nginx * HiR's Secure OpenBSD, Apache, MySQL and PHP Guide Installation Install PHP: pkg_add php-curl php-gd php-gmp php-mcrypt php-mysql php-mysqli php-pdo_mysql php-zip ln -sf /var/www/conf/modules.sample/php-5.4.conf /var/www/conf/modules/php.conf ln -sf /etc/php-5.4.sample/bz2.ini /etc/php-5.4/bz2.ini ln -sf /etc/php-5.4.sample/curl.ini /etc/php-5.4/curl.ini ln -sf /etc/php-5.4.sample/gd.ini /etc/php-5.4/gd.ini ln -sf /etc/php-5.4.sample/gmp.ini /et…

openbsd_ports

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-11T23:31:53+00:00

OpenBSD Ports * OpenBSD Install ports tree You'll probably want this, if even to just search what is available: ftp ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/5.2/ports.tar.gz tar -zxf ports.tar.gz -C /usr Display build options make show=FLAVORS Build with specific options

openbsd_vpn

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-08T16:01:28+00:00

OpenBSD VPN * OpenBSD * Building VPNs on OpenBSD

opendkim

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-10-30T07:18:08+00:00

opendkim * Mail Servers * postfix opendkim can sign outgoing email with your SMTP server to match DNS TXT DKIM records. The selector here, nx would match a TXT record of nx._domainkey. on beandog.org. The value of the record would be the public key. A sample opendkim.conf

opendns

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:10:14+00:00

OpenDNS * DNS * 208.67.222.222 * 208.67.220.220 Don't use OpenDNS. It will take broken domain records and forward you to a search page for what you were looking for, and in some cases, do a redirect themselves. Use Google DNS.

openrc

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-24T23:14:02+00:00

openrc * Gentoo openrc is the init system for Gentoo. Booting If you are seeing errors from starting services on boot, you can log the output to debug it. Edit /etc/rc.conf and enable rc_logger. The log will be at /var/log/rc.log.

opensmtpd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:56:05+00:00

OpenSMTPD * FreeBSD * OpenBSD * Homepage Sample configuration file Sample file: /usr/local/etc/mail/smtpd.conf.sample # This is the smtpd server system-wide configuration file. # See smtpd.conf(5) for more information. # To accept external mail, replace with: listen on all listen on localhost # If you edit the file, you have to run "smtpctl update table aliases" table aliases file:/etc/aliases # Uncomment the following to accept external mail for domain "example.org" #accept from …

openssh

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:56:45+00:00

OpenSSH * dropbear * libressl * monit * openssl * SSH * Homepage * Match support in SSHD Server Configuration OpenSSH requires that users be in the ssh-users group to login. A public key is recommended, but not required. # A barebones sshd_config PermitRootLogin no PasswordAuthentication no UsePAM no PrintMotd no PrintLastLog no Subsystem sftp /usr/lib64/misc/sftp-server AllowGroups ssh-users

openssl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-17T22:12:30+00:00

OpenSSL * Apache SSL * PCI Compliance * SSL Certificates * OpenSSL Source Installation * SSL Cheat Sheet * OpenSSL Server SSL Test * SSL Server Test - Check security of SSL Get the contents of a CSR openssl req -noout -text -in domain.com.csr Get the contents of a CRT or PEM openssl x509 -noout -text -in domain.com.crt openssl x509 -noout -text -in domain.com.pem

openssl_source_installation

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-01T21:31:23+00:00

OpenSSL Source Installation * CentOS * OpenSSL CentOS OpenSSL manual install Removing old CentOS OpenSSL install and creating symlinks for new ones rm -fv /lib/libssl* /lib/libcrypto* ln -s /usr/lib/libssl.a /lib/libssl.a ln -s /usr/lib/libssl.so /lib/libssl.so ln -s /usr/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8 /lib/libssl.so.0.9.8 ln -s /usr/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8 /lib/libssl.so.6 ln -s /usr/lib/libcrypto.a /lib/libcrypto.a ln -s /usr/lib/libcrypto.so /lib/libcrypto.so ln -s /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 /li…

openvpn

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T00:08:41+00:00

OpenVPN * TunnelBlick OpenVPN is software to connect two LANs together, so that a client can access both subnets. OpenVPN, unlike IPSec, uses SSL/TLS to maintain secure connections. Server Configuration The simplest way to setup a VPN connection is to have the

optimization

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-04-20T15:41:35+00:00

Optimization * Apache Tuning * CDN * High Availability * Load Balancing * MySQL Optimization * Website Optimization

os_x

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:57:46+00:00

OS X * Multicast DNS * Network Fileshares * Avahi * homebrew * iterm * netatalk * newsyslog * port * Samba * TunnelBlick Samba With a samba server broadcasting by itself, Finder can see the server in the SHARED column, but it will not be able to connect. The reason is because it cannot look up the hostname. Add an entry either in

parted

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-02T20:30:40+00:00

parted * fdisk * gdisk * grub * grub2 * sfdisk Note: from a personal point-of-view, I use gdisk over parted; gdisk lets you examine changes more closely, while parted commands will often not ask for prompts. Syntax: parted [options] [device [command [options ...

partprobe

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-10T18:34:01+00:00

partprobe * Filesystems partprobe is used to have the kernel re-scan a block device to determine the partitions. Normally taken place after making changes in fdisk, and a new partition is added that is beyond the current device nodes listed; fex: adding /dev/sda4

pax

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:02:18+00:00

pax * Homepage A utility to read and write to archives.

pci_compliance

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:11:44+00:00

PCI Compliance * Apache * OpenSSL * Postfix Firewall Drop ICMP timestamp requests # add to rc.firewall iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type timestamp-request -j DROP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type timestamp-reply -j DROP # save iptables ruleset # gentoo /etc/init.d/iptables save

pdbedit

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-13T04:15:31+00:00

pdbedit * Samba * smbpasswd A newer version of smbpasswd which also allows administrating more changes to users for a remote server.

pdftocairo

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-27T05:23:34+00:00

pdftocairo My favorite tool to convert PDFs to images. pdftocairo -png phb.pdf -f 1 -l 10 output.png

pdfunite

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-13T13:33:36+00:00

pdfunite A simple program to merge two PDF files together sequentially. pdfunite front.pdf back.pdf two-sided.pdf

pdmenu

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:59:46+00:00

pdmenu * whiptail * Homepage Use pdmenu to create interactive menus on the console, that look like an ncurses interface. pdmenu uses menu files, in contrast to whiptail which uses one-lined scripts.

pear

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-02-24T22:40:23+00:00

PEAR * PHP * Download PEAR PEAR is a collection of modules that make life easier. Installation Use pear install to install PEAR modules. Don't use Gentoo's portage. If you need to install a program that has PEAR dependencies from portage, and it's installed locally through pear, then you can add the atom for the dependency to the

percona

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T03:30:35+00:00

Percona * Percona XtraDB * Percona XtraDB Cluster * Percona Homebrew * Percona Toolkit * InnoDB * About Percona * pt-find * Percona 5.5 apt repo * Percona 5.6 apt repo Percona is a drop-in replacement for MySQL Installation When installing the software, make sure there is NOT a my.cnf dotfile in your home directory. That will affect the install scripts. Ubuntu Repository

percona_homebrew

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:12:26+00:00

Percona Homebrew * homebrew * Percona * launchctl Percona can be installed through Homebrew: brew install homebrew/versions/percona-server55 Initial database setup: mysql_install_db --verbose --user=`whoami` --basedir="$(brew --prefix percona-server55)" --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql --tmpdir=/tmp

percona_toolkit

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-10-01T18:55:56+00:00

Percona Toolkit * MySQL * Percona * maatkit * pt-find * Documentation pt-duplicate-key-checker Find duplicate indexes and foreign keys on MySQL tables. * Documentation Find duplicate indexes on a database: pt-duplicate-key-checker -d database pt-index-usage Read queries from a log and analyze how they use indexes.

percona_xtradb

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-05-05T17:28:37+00:00

Percona XtraDB * Percona * Comparison of MySQL database engines * SHOW INNODB STATUS walkthrough Percona XtraDB is an enhanced version of InnoDB database engine. InnoDB features: * Default storage engine in MySQL 5.5 * InnoDB recovers from a crash or other unexpected shutdown by replaying its logs * InnoDB automatically groups together multiple concurrent inserts and flushes them to disk at the same time

percona_xtradb_cluster

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-05-19T00:36:37+00:00

Percona XtraDB Cluster * Percona * Percona XtraDB Cluster Deployment * Load Balancing with HAProxy Features * Synchronous replication. Transaction either commited on all nodes or none. * Multi-master replication. You can write to any node. * Data consistency. No more unsynchronized slaves. Configuration

percona_xtradb_cluster_deployment

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-05-19T00:49:21+00:00

Percona XtraDB Cluster Deployment * Percona XtraDB Cluster ALL TABLES MUST USE INNODB or the feature set is thrown out the window. In each case, do not create a .my.cnf file for root, as it can interfere with installation and initialization. Use a separate user to connect to MySQL as.

perl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-03-21T16:23:18+00:00

perl Rebuild all CPAN modules cpan -r Upgrade all CPAN modules Install software: curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - App::cpanminus cpanm App::cpanoutdated Run updates: cpan-outdated -p | cpanm Gentoo Rebuild modules after upgrading perl

pflogsumm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:00:21+00:00

plfogsumm * Postfix * Homepage pflogsumm is a perl script that reads the system logs and displays statistics about the mail server. Syntax pflogsumm.pl /var/log/messages -d today Daily Logging It's simple to setup a cron job keep the summary logs of the mail server, in case there is an issue.

pgrep

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-10-05T19:54:49+00:00

pgrep Search for process names using grep Display all processes a user is running pgrep -u user -l Match a pattern pgrep -f shell.sh Display full command Requires a field argument. pgrep -f shell.sh -a Display PID and binary name pgrep -l sshd

php

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:00:58+00:00

PHP * PHP Configuration * PHP CGI * PHP Install From Source * PHP Optimization * PHP Security * PHP Unicode * Apache Worker MPM PHP CGI Suexec Setup * CentOS PHP * OpenBSD PHP * PHP Extensions * List of core configure options * Runtime configuration * List of php.ini directives * List of php.ini sections - Very cool! Gotchas open_basedir and CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION * similiar problem, workaround This error appears in the PHP log: PHP Warning: curl_setopt() […

phpmyadmin

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:17:19+00:00

phpMyAdmin * MySQL Configuration Setup a new user for PMA: mysql -e "CREATE USER 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '';" mysql -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO pma@localhost WITH GRANT OPTION;" To setup a configuration that uses the config file for authentication, and ignores the mysql and information_schema tables, here is what to add to

php_cgi

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-10-10T22:32:45+00:00

PHP CGI * Apache * Apache fcgid * Apache suExec * Apache Worker MPM PHP CGI Suexec Setup * PHP * CGI and command line setups * PHP CGI Security Considerations * Apache mod_fcgid * Apache Tutorial: Dynamic Content with CGI * Red Hat / CentOS Apache 2 FastCGI PHP Configuration Gentoo Install apache with threads, mpm worker, plus mod_fcgid package and add -D FCGID to apache2 conf. In the Directory configuration of every site, add this:

php_configuration

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-10-19T15:15:47+00:00

PHP Configuration * PHP You can get the configuration options for how PHP was built on the command line using php-config. It displays other helpful items as well. php-config --configure-options

php_install_from_source

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-10-10T22:37:11+00:00

PHP: Install from Source * PHP * CentOS PHP In both cases, CentOS or Ubuntu, you'll need to install development libraries for the packages to build against. Configuration If the PHP configuration of a system provides the configuration options for when it was built, that is the best starting point.

php_optimization

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-11-22T17:25:27+00:00

PHP Optimization * PHP * xhprof * Where a configuration setting may be set * List of php.ini directives PHP Configuration Overrides Mode Meaning PHP_INI_USER Entry can be set in user scripts (like with ini_set()) PHP_INI_PERDIR Entry can be set in php.ini, .htaccess or httpd.conf PHP_INI_SYSTEM Entry can be set in php.ini or httpd.conf

php_pear_configuration

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:15:58+00:00

PHP PEAR Configuration PEAR These PEAR packages are standard on a development environment: * Archive_Tar * Console_Getopt * Log * Mail * Mail_Mime * Net_SMTP * Net_Socket * PEAR * PHP_CodeSniffer * Structures_Graph * XML_UTIL

php_security

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-11-22T17:22:40+00:00

PHP Security * PHP * PHP Suhosin * Where a configuration setting may be set * List of php.ini directives * PHP Session Hijacking PHP Configuration Overrides Mode Meaning PHP_INI_USER Entry can be set in user scripts (like with ini_set()) PHP_INI_PERDIR Entry can be set in php.ini, .htaccess or httpd.conf PHP_INI_SYSTEM Entry can be set in php.ini or httpd.conf

php_suhosin

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-06-28T22:46:07+00:00

PHP Suhosin Suhosin is a set of patches to improve security for PHP. Please research it thoroughly and do not apply it blindly. * PHP * Configuration * Features Notes Disable suhosin (mostly?) suhosin.simulation = On Allow session data to be shared on a wildcard subdomain

php_unicode

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-05-17T22:57:35+00:00

PHP Unicode * PHP fgetcsv The fgetcsv function in PHP will truncate data if it has one-byte characters. A fix: while ($data = fgetcsv($handle, $line_max, ',')) { $data = array_map(utf8_encode, $data); }

pip

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-28T23:27:54+00:00

pip * python * pip homepage

pkg

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T07:30:36+00:00

pkg * FreeBSD Starting with RELEASE 10.0, pkg is the default package manager for FreeBSD. After a fresh installation of FreeBSD, run pkg to get it started. # pkg install webmin The package management tool is not yet installed on your system. Do you want to fetch and install it now? [y/N]: y Bootstrapping pkg from pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/freebsd:10:x86:64/latest, please wait... Verifying signature with trusted certificate pkg.freebsd.org.2013102301... done Installing pkg-1.2.7_4... done

pkg_info

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:14:49+00:00

pkg_info * NetBSD Howto List installed ports in category/name format pkg_info -aoq Display package owner of a file pkg_info -W bash

pkg_mgr

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T17:47:18+00:00

pkg_mgr * OpenBSD * pkg_add * pkg_info * pkg_delete pkg_mgr is a nice little console frontend to search / browse / install packages.

port

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-02-19T20:08:36+00:00

port * OS X * MacPorts * bash * binutils * diffutils * coreutils * findutils * patchutils * Install some basic preferred packages port install bash bzip2 coreutils curl diffutils findutils gawk gnutar grep gzip less libressl rsync vim wget Update repository port update Update all packages in tree

portconf

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-28T17:08:14+00:00

portconf * FreeBSD portconf is a utility to set per-port Makefile options. Configurations are set in /usr/local/etc/ports.conf. make config When using portconf, anytime you run make config and set options manually, they will override any changes made in portconf's configuration. The two configurations will be cumulative, with the settings from

porticron

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:01:47+00:00

porticron * Homepage Sample config # use emerge for synchronisation #SYNC_CMD="/usr/bin/emerge --sync" # use eix-sync instead of emerge --sync SYNC_CMD="/usr/bin/eix-sync" # do not synchronize (e.g. if PORTDIR is mounted read-only) #SYNC_CMD="/bin/true" # use layman for synchronizing overlays #SYNC_OVERLAYS_CMD="/usr/bin/layman --sync-all" # do not synchronize overlays SYNC_OVERLAYS_CMD="/bin/true" # include a report of changed ebuilds #DIFF_CMD="/usr/bin/eix-sync -d" # emerge upgrad…

portmaster

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-17T19:43:10+00:00

portmaster * FreeBSD * FreeBSD Ports Upgrades A tool for updating your ports. Rebuild a port and all it's dependencies Howto Batch upgrade all ports portmaster -G -a Check all ports dependecies In cases where the dependecies needs fixing, as in they are installed, but the ports database needs to know they are there, you can have portmaster upgrade the datbase:

postfix

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-10-30T22:56:35+00:00

Postfix Mail Server * Mail Servers * SendGrid * SSMTP * pflogsumm * Mail Tester - great for seeing how to improve outgoing mail setup, check for spam, etc. * Check MX * SMTP Response Codes Postfix is the SMTP server of choice, used to send outgoing email messages to the world. Howto To see the mail queue:

postgresql

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-12-28T16:43:37+00:00

PostgreSQL * createdb Display all databases \l Display all tables \d

powermac_g5

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-04-07T16:57:16+00:00

Open Firmware * Common Commands * Open Firmware Quick Reference Both desktops have Open Firmware version 4 installed, which I haven't seen any docs that support booting BSD from there. They all focus on version 3. However, here's some commands you can use to look around: List files on CD

powershell

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-21T17:23:02+00:00

PowerShell * Windows Restart computer: restart-computer Services Management: services.msc Disk Management: diskmgmt.msc

psearch

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-14T00:24:15+00:00

psearch * FreeBSD Search the ports tree

psql

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-07-14T02:52:50+00:00

psql * PostgreSQL Run a query in batch mode: psql -Aqtc "SELECT 1;" database

pt-find

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-01-20T20:17:18+00:00

pt-find * Percona Toolkit Find MySQL tables and execute actions, like GNU find. * Documentation Find MyISAM tables: pt-find --engine MyISAM Convert MyISAM to InnoDB pt-find --engine MyISAM --exec "ALTER TABLE %D.%N ENGINE=InnoDB" Find the largest tables and indexes, and sort by size:

pure-ftpd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:19:54+00:00

pure-ftpd * pure-ftpd Configuration pure-ftpd can be setup with virtual users, that exist outside of the PAM and Unix authentication methods. They can be linked to system accounts, if desired. First, setup and configure pure-ftpd. Here's the generic list of settings being applied:

pv

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-04-21T23:22:01+00:00

pv * pv Homepage Pipe viewer. Watch progress of dumping a block device pv -ptre -E 2048 /dev/sr0 | dd of=dvd.iso

pw

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-07-31T18:03:51+00:00

pw * FreeBSD Create, edit, delete users in FreeBSD Add nologin user for a daemon Creates a new user with no login allowed, no home directory, and a group of same name: pw useradd -n -s /usr/sbin/nologin -d /nonexistent Delete a user pw userdel

python

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-30T04:12:42+00:00

python * Apache mod_wsgi * django * ralph * pip Install package to a prefix python2 setup.py install --prefix=/usr

qmail

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-02-29T19:38:43+00:00

qmail * Ubuntu * upstart * Working with qmail's log files Convert logs from TAI format to UTC: cat /var/log/qmail/qmail-send/current.log | tai64nlocal Ubuntu 14.04 Installing qmail on Ubuntu 14.04 will install daemontools as well. The init script for upstart is going to be located at

quicktables

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-02T15:30:48+00:00

quicktables * Firewall * Homepage quicktables is an iptables ruleset generator. It asks a few questions about how you'd like to configure your firewall, and writes to rc.firewall in the current directory.

raidctl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-22T18:05:15+00:00

raidctl * Filesystems * NetBSD * disklabel * fdisk * newfs * sysctl fdisk and disklabel Assuming the disk device is sd1 Add a blank partition list: fdisk -f -a -0 sd1 Create a RAID label: disklabel -i -I /dev/rsd1d Initial Setup Setup first time: raidctl -v -i /dev/raid5 -C /etc/raid5.conf

ralph

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-30T20:59:03+00:00

ralph * Python * Ubuntu Note that installing the .deb file for Ralph will take a long time (15+ mins on my dual-core VirtualBox image). Create a ralph user on the system: useradd -m -s /bin/bash ralph Create a MySQL user: CREATE DATABASE ralph; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ralph.* TO 'ralph'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'o-hai-ralph' WITH GRANT OPTION;

rdesktop

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-09-17T05:20:08+00:00

rdesktop Sample login with username, prompt for password, set window geometry: rdesktop -u Administrator -p - -g 1024x768

rdiff-backup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:34:03+00:00

rdiff-backup * Homepage rdiff-backup is a script, written in python that backs up one directory to another. Backing Up Simple backup rdiff-backup user@server.com::/var/www/localhost server.com Ignore .git directory and display files being archived:

rename-perl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:03:57+00:00

route

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-27T23:03:26+00:00

route * Networking From the man page: Route manipulates the kernel's IP routing tables. Its primary use is to set up static routes to specific hosts or networks via an interface after it has been configured with the ifconfig program. When the add or del options are used, route modifies the routing tables. Without these options, route displays the current contents of the routing tables.

routine_server_maintenance

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-11-13T15:38:14+00:00

Routine Server Maintenance These are some examples of routine maintenance you can do on a server. Before maintenance begins, stop all cron daemons and stop all monitoring services on affected servers. And don't forget to restart when finished. Check for emails sent to root user

rpm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-07-31T16:55:14+00:00

RPM * CentOS HOWTO See Changelog rpm -q --changelog package

rsync

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:22:01+00:00

rsync * Filename Exclusions * rsyncd rsync and slashes Rsync will do things differently based on how you add a slash to the source. Let's say you have two directories: src and dest, and that src has a file named document.txt in it. You have two options: Use rsync to copy the entire folder of src

rsyncd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:22:16+00:00

rsyncd * rsync Edit /etc/rsyncd.conf: uid = nobody gid = nogroup use chroot = yes motd file = /etc/motd.rsyncd [repo] path = /var/rsyncd/repo Sync with a repo rsync -r rsync://beandog.org/repo repo

rsyslog

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-04-22T16:14:24+00:00

rsyslog * Ubuntu Permissions Log file /var/log/rsyslog needs ownership of syslog:adm

rubygems

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-01-03T22:15:33+00:00

gem Examples See examples gem help examples List locally installed gems gem list --local Search for gems in remote repositories gem query -r -n

s3cmd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:06:08+00:00

s3cmd * Amazon S3 * Homepage Amazon S3 Sync A simple way to keep local archives and an Amazon bucket up to date is to sync the two locations. Here's a command that would take all the MySQL archives in /var/archives/mysql and sync them with the Amazon bucket, deleting any remote files that are no longer on the filesystem:

salt

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-09-04T06:53:54+00:00

Salt * CentOS Salt * Ubuntu Salt Get the master key and add to minions On master: salt-key -f master.pub On minion, edit /etc/salt/minion and add pubkey to master_finger Add minion to master Display all keys: salt-key -L Accept new keys: salt-key --accept=minion1 --yes

samba

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:20:44+00:00

Samba * avahi * findsmb * nbtscan * net * pdbedit * smbcontrol * smbstatus * testparm * smb.conf man page * Samba Book * Samba & Bonjour with Avahi Users When creating a user in Samba through Webmin, it will default to no password. You can set a user through Webmin then (plaintext) or use smbpasswd to set one. It will not use the Unix password by default.

sc

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-06T16:35:59+00:00

sc * Windows List all services: sc queryex type= service state= all Disable a service: sc config "Name of Service" start= disabled

scponly

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-12-27T18:28:27+00:00

scponly * scponly github wiki Some reasons to not use scponly: * last updated in 2008 * Does not exist in Ubuntu repositories * Gentoo has two patches to it * Can't let users write to their home directory because they could modify .ssh files * Needs to be run setuid if using chroot

scutil

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T22:32:15+00:00

scutil Change hostname on OS X scutil --set HostName lightcycle.beandog.org

security

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:38:57+00:00

Security * Apache Security * Firewall * PCI Compliance * PHP Security * SSH * SSL Certificates Software * dropbear * iptables * gpg * openssh * openssl * ufw

sed

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-05-27T23:03:35+00:00

sed * awk * grep * sed examples Sed is a string editor program. It can manipulate data using regular expressions. * Invoking sed * Examples * Common one-line sed scripts * seder's grab bag * Common threads: Sed by example * One-line scripts for sed The basic syntax for sed is sed SCRIPT INPUTFILE where a SCRIPT is the format used to replace or modify. If you want to pass options, then the format is

sed_examples

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-12-31T19:51:58+00:00

sed examples * sed Remove one line sed -e '1d' Remove a range of lines sed -e '2,4d' Remove all trailing numbers and spaces behind it sed -e 's/[1-9]* *//' Replace tabs with commas sed -e 's/\t/,/g'

sendmail

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-20T00:34:12+00:00

sendmail * FreeBSD * OpenBSD Sendmail will work out of the box, and use the FQDN to send email from. You may want to make sure the hostname is set correctly using Webmin first. Disable Sendmail For FreeBSD: Add to /etc/rc.conf: postfix_enable="YES" sendmail_enable="NO" sendmail_submit_enable="NO" sendmail_outbound_enable="NO" sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"

setterm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-24T22:01:46+00:00

setterm * tput Disable console blanking: setterm -blank 0

sh

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-09-26T20:57:40+00:00

#!/bin/sh * bash * csh * ksh * tcsh * zsh * Bourne shell programming * Summary of shell facilities * Capturing signal traps sh uses different syntax for operators than bash. Use -o for or in place of || and -a for and in place of &&. Shell Symbols * $1..$9 - arguments * $0 - process name * $# - number of arguments

shred

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:08:31+00:00

shred Use shred to securely erase a file or a partition. shred -v /tmp/temporary-file

slow_website

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-09-06T18:24:18+00:00

Diagnosing A Slow Website * Google PageSpeed * GTmetrix - tests PageSpeed and YSlow * Pingdom Website Speed Test

smartctl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T21:20:35+00:00

smartcl *

smbcontrol

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-13T04:16:38+00:00

smbcontrol * Samba * smbd Sends some controls to the smbd daemon.

smbpasswd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-13T04:15:54+00:00

smbpasswd * Samba Edit Samba users passwords.

smbstatus

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-13T04:11:17+00:00

smbstatus * Samba Run smbstatus on a server to see what users are connected and the shares status. Similar to macusers for netatalk.

socketlabs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-10-04T20:14:49+00:00

SocketLabs * Postfix * Configuration * Diagnosing SMTP Service Connections SocketLabs is an SMTP relay service. Postfix Integration Create a passwords file at /etc/postfix/relay_auth: smtp.socketlabs.com smtp9999:MyPassword Set permissions and build hash: chmod 600 /etc/postfix/relay_auth postmap relay_auth

softraid

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:55:32+00:00

softraid * OpenBSD * Filesystems *

software

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-10-09T05:51:21+00:00

Software * ack * acl * Alpine * Apache * apt-get * aptitude * avahi * awk * aws * AWStats * backup-manager * bash * binutils * bsfl * bugzilla * CentOS * ceph * CGP * chfn * collectd * confcat * Consul * couchbase * coreutils * cpan * cron * cronie * cryptsetup * csh * csshX * curl * cut * Darwin * date * dcron * DenyHosts * dhcpcd * diff * dig * disklabel * djbdns * dnsip * dnsmasq * dnsmx * dnsname * d…

speedtest

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-11-11T18:22:09+00:00

speedtest * Project homepage Use speedtest-cli to check download and upload speed of your Internet connection. Uses closest mirrors. git clone https://github.com/sivel/speedtest-cli

sqoop

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-10T16:21:08+00:00

sqoop * Hadoop * sqoop import Sqoop is part of the Hadoop set of tools. It is designed to import and export SQL data.

sqoop_import

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-10T16:22:31+00:00

sqoop import * Hadoop * sqoop Import a database from MySQL sqoop import --connect jdbc:mysql://node1/test --table test --username root

ssh-keygen

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-05-09T03:56:42+00:00

ssh-keygen * OpenSSH * ssh Re-create the public key from a private key ssh-keygen -y -f id_rsa > id_rsa.pub Convert pubkey format Convert from pubkey with ---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY --- to one-line: ssh-keygen -i -f beandog_rsa.pub

ssh

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-01-04T23:07:17+00:00

Secure Shell (SSH) * dropbear * OpenSSH * ssh-keygen Managing Keys You can have as many public keys as you like. When using ssh, you can specify which one to use if it is a non-standard name (id_rsa, id_dsa) using ssh -i You can see which keys are authorized to login by looking at

ssh_diagnosis

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:31:28+00:00

SSH Diagnosis * Diagnosis * ✔ Get client username, password, software, IP address * ✔ Check system logs for username, IP address * ✔ Check IP address in hosts.allow and hosts.deny * ✔ Check last

sslscan

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:10:05+00:00

sslscan * SSL Certificates * Homepage Check which TLSv1 ciphers are being accepted sslscan --no-failed --tls1 [host:port | host]

ssl_certificates

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:41:35+00:00

SSL Certificates * Apache SSL * OpenSSL * Security * Apache: create self-signed certificates * Check SSL Certificate * SSL Server Test - Check security of SSL Buying a Certificate Namecheap These are the steps involved in generating an SSL certificate to be validated by an SSL provider: Create a private key to be used only by that server:

ssmtp

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:10:31+00:00

ssmtp * Mail Servers * Homepage SSMTP is used to send outgoing emails without a mail server. It hands off all mail delivery to a third party client. Sample configuration using all options # User to get all emails for userids less than 1000 Root=root # Third-party SMTP server, port Mailhub=smtp.server.com:25 # The source domain, what domain the email comes "from" RewriteDomain=clients-website.com # FQDN Hostname, if unset, checks the system Hostname=clients-website.com # Email address …

start

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:42:25+00:00

*n*x wiki ______________ < Works for me > -------------- \ \ .--. |o_o | |:_/ | // \ \ (| | ) /'\_ _/`\ \___)=(___/ Systems Admin * Software * Apache * MySQL * PHP * bash * OpenSSL * Multimedia * Networking Operating Systems

stat

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-09-24T17:21:43+00:00

stat Darwin Get user, group owner of a file stat -f %Su stat -f %Sg

stunnel

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2011-04-12T16:32:12+00:00

stunnel stunnel is used to either create secure connections over otherwise insecure routes, or to route from one source port to another destination port. Configuration * Configuration files are located in /etc/stunnel * Log files are /var/log/stunnel.log or syslog, depending on version used.

sudo

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-02-02T00:15:24+00:00

sudo Use vim to edit sudo: EDITOR=vim visudo On Ubuntu, set the default editor: sudo update-alternatives --config editor Display sudo commands the user can run: sudo -l Run a command as a specific user: sudo -u beandog -- whoami Switch to another user:

sysctl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-30T21:24:54+00:00

sysctl * OpenBSD * NetBSD Display disk drives sysctl hw.disknames Linux Changes to sysctl go in /etc/sysctl.conf. Once your changes are made, you can reload from all the system files: sysctl --system To display all sysctl settings: sysctl -a You can set a value directly as well:

syslinux

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-01-06T20:46:24+00:00

syslinux * Arch Linux: Syslinux EXTLINUX GPT Installation Before anything, you will need to use gdisk to edit a partition and set a legacy MBR bootflag for it. The option is available in the expert list of options in the gdisk menu. Writing the changes to the MBR will not delete your partitions.

systemd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-07-10T20:33:27+00:00

systemd * Ubuntu Disable broadcast messsages Systemd will send broadcast messages to *all* terminals. Disable it in /etc/systemd/journald.conf: ForwardToWall=no systemctl restart systemd-journald

system_rescue_cd_xen

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-07-14T23:49:33+00:00

System Rescue CD Xen * Xen * SystemRescueCd Homepage * How to personalize SystemRescueCd Booting into a livecd using Xen as a para-virtualized guest is impossible with just the ISO alone. Xen does provide CD support, but a kernel is still required to boot into an OS. That's accomplished by extracting the kernel from the ISO first, and then into the image.

tail

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-29T20:33:16+00:00

tail Keep watching a file if it's removed and reloaded, created, etc., keeps trying to open it: tail -fF /var/log/awesome.log

tar

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-07-07T01:29:53+00:00

tar Change directory For example, create a tarball of the contents of /var/www/html/foobar and have the tarball unpack into the foobar directory: tar -C /var/www/html/ -jcf foobar.tar.bz2 foobar/ List files Usually, less will work. Otherwise:

tcpdump

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-09-05T10:28:25+00:00

tcpdump * tcpdump tutorial Monitor all DNS lookups tcpdump udp port 53

tcsh

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-06-03T20:59:16+00:00

#!/bin/tcsh * FreeBSD * bash * csh * ksh * sh * zsh * Summary of shell facilities Set environment variables setenv BATCH yes Create an alias alias ls "ls -G" alias ll "ls -lAFG"

terminal_shells

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-01-18T18:01:09+00:00

Terminal Shells * bash * csh * ksh * sh * tcsh * zsh Need howto on: * Output redirection (piping to stdout, stderr, etc.) * if then else if syntax * for loops * while * read line * setting environment variables

testparm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-13T04:17:30+00:00

testparm * Samba testparm checks Samba configuration files for errors.

tmux

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:12:17+00:00

tmux * Homepage * Intro to tmux * tmux and screen reference sheet * sync tmux panes To build tmux from source, libevent must be installed as well. The tmux configure/build will link against libevent in /usr/local, but will not see it at runtime. Build tmux as a static binary to work around it. Set bindings to Ctl-A

tomcat

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-09-29T05:49:47+00:00

Apache Tomcat * Tomcat 9 downloads Environment Variables * CATALINA_HOME - location of Tomcat core installation, fex /usr/local/tomcat * JRE_HOME - location of the Java Runtime Environemnt (JRE) * JAVA_HOME - location of the Java Development Kit (JDK) You can override variables for in

tr

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-12-14T16:42:10+00:00

tr * coreutils Convert newline to space cat test.txt | tr "\n" " " Remove newlines cat test.txt | tr -d "\n" Convert upper case to lower case cat test.txt | tr [:upper:] [:lower:] Remove quotations echo \"testing\" | tr -d [:punct:]

tune2fs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-27T17:51:51+00:00

tune2fs * Filesystems * tune2fs Set the volume label: tune2fs -L gentoo /dev/sda2 Set reserved blocks percentage for root from default 5% to 2%: tune2fs -m 2 /dev/sda2 Display current status: tune2fs -l /dev/sda2 Example output: tune2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Filesystem volume name: Last mounted on: /boot Filesystem UUID: 26302869-918a-47d8-b832-19391db8f439 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: …

tunnelblick

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T08:57:32+00:00

TunnelBlick * Network Fileshares * OpenVPN * OS X TunnelBlick is software for OS X to connect to a VPN connection. Locally, it is used to connect to the office's internal LAN.

ubuntu

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-09-09T20:43:20+00:00

Ubuntu * Ubuntu Autoinstall * Ubuntu HortonWorks * Ubuntu Networking * Ubuntu Release Upgrades * Ubuntu Repositories * Ubuntu Services * Linux ISOs * aptitude * dpkg * update-rc.d Package Management Update package repository aptitude update Update system packages aptitude safe-upgrade Search for a package aptitude search Install, update, remove a package

ubuntu_autoinstall

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-25T17:23:29+00:00

Ubuntu Autoinstall * Ubuntu * mkisofs * tasksel * Ubuntu Xen Source ISO First, download an Ubuntu ISO, and mount it so it can be accessed. mkdir /mnt/iso mount -o ro,loop ubuntu-14.04.4-server-amd64.iso /mnt/iso Documentation The ISO itself includes the documentation for setting up an automatic install, so you can view it directly if you want. In this case, I'm using

ubuntu_hortonworks

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-01-29T00:01:23+00:00

Ubuntu HortonWorks * Ubuntu * Hadoop Install the Ubuntu OS as normal. HortonWorks supports 12.04 and 14.04. When partitioning the drives, do not create any swap. Install some packages required by HDP: aptitude -y install unzip ntp nscd Increase the file descriptor and processor limits. In

ubuntu_networking

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-05-12T20:37:28+00:00

Ubuntu Networking * Bonding * Networking * ifconfig * ifenslave * ifup * ip * route * Debian wiki - Bonding The programs for configuring networking on Ubuntu are ifup and ifdown. The read their configuration from /etc/network/interfaces. See the man page for interfaces. Also, see /usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples

ubuntu_release_upgrades

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-10-23T23:27:31+00:00

Ubuntu Release Upgrades * Ubuntu Install upgrade software: aptitude install update-manager-core Set the preferences for release upgrades in /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades and set the prompt to never, lts or normal Start the release upgrade:

ubuntu_repositories

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-09-09T21:02:09+00:00

Ubuntu Repositories Ubuntu 12.04.5 * /etc/apt/sources.list * md5sum 506cce90eaf0967a5b4159f34a5f68af # # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 12.04.5 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20140806.1)]/ dists/precise/main/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 12.04.5 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20140806.1)]/ dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 12.04.5 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20140806.1)]/ precise main restricted #deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server…

ubuntu_salt

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-09-04T06:56:57+00:00

Ubuntu Salt * Salt * Ubuntu * Salt Stack Package Repo Install Salt repo wget https://repo.saltstack.com/py3/ubuntu/20.04/amd64/latest/SALTSTACK-GPG-KEY.pub apt-key add SALTSTACK-GPG-KEY.pub echo deb http://repo.saltstack.com/py3/ubuntu/20.04/amd64/latest focal main > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/saltstack.list apt-get update

ubuntu_xen

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-02-04T18:03:23+00:00

Ubuntu Xen * Ubuntu * Xen Install the Xen hypervisor tools and kernel: aptitude -y install xen-hypervisor-amd64 Download the Ubuntu 14.04 / trusty kernels to do a netboot off of, the one with the most recent updates here. Sample configuration, using a netboot kernel:

udev

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:13:08+00:00

udev * Howto create a udev symlink for a DVD drive

ufs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-08-22T17:33:46+00:00

UFS * Filesystems Mount a UFS filesystem in Linux mount -t ufs -o ro,ufstype=ufs2 /dev/sdb2 /mnt/ufs

ufw

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:45:28+00:00

ufw * Firewall * iptables * Security * Ubuntu ufw, or uncomplicated firewall, is a command-line application that ships with Ubuntu to setup iptables. Once you enable ufw with ufw enable, it will add the firewall to the startup services. Examples ufw allow proto tcp to any port 22 ufw allow proto tcp to any port 80 ufw allow proto tcp to any port 222 ufw allow proto tcp to any port 443 ufw allow proto tcp to any port 10000 ufw enable

unfoo

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-16T20:26:04+00:00

unfoo * github master * zip

useradd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-25T23:08:39+00:00

useradd * getent * usermod * vipw Create a new user, with a home * -g Primary group of users * -m Create the user's home directory * -N Do not create a group with the same name as the user * -s login shell of the new account useradd -g users -m -N -s /bin/bash

usermod

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-05-09T18:22:09+00:00

usermod * useradd * vipw * Unix Users and Groups Cheat Sheet - good stuff Change primary group usermod -g user-group username Add user to more groups usermod -G "group-a group-b" -a username Change home directory usermod -d /home/dir username

uvesafb

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-30T17:16:17+00:00

uvesafb * Gentoo Wiki: uvesafb * Funtoo Wiki: uvesafb * Kernel driver documentation Loading the module: modprobe uvesafb mode_option=1024x768-32 mtrr=3 scroll=ywrap Add the settings to the kernel boot params: video=uvesafb:1024x768-32,mtrr:3,ywrap

varnish

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:14:34+00:00

varnish * Homepage Varnish is a web accelerator. Wikipedia: A web accelerator is a proxy server that reduces web site access times. They can be a self-contained hardware appliance or installable software. Configuration Edit /etc/varnish/default.vcl: backend default { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "80"; }

vboxmanage

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-07-08T15:19:40+00:00

VBoxManage * VirtualBox VBoxManage is used to control VirtualBox instances from the command-line. You can, fex, start an instance headless. Get the list of options: VBoxManage controlvm Start, stop, reset, etc.: VboxManage controvm pause VboxManage controvm resume VboxManage controvm reset VboxManage controvm poweroff VboxManage controvm savestate VboxManage controvm acpipowerbutton

video_conversion

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:16:50+00:00

Video Conversion * faac * Handbrake * mp4box * x264 Creating a Streamable MP4 Convert to Y4M * 16×9 * 480p First, take the original source and extract the video to a YUV4MPEG container. At the same time, choose the new aspect ratio and video size. ffmpeg -i source.mp4 -s hd480 -aspect 16:9 source.y4m

vifs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:11:32+00:00

vifs * OS X * nfs Use vifs to edit filesystems mounted on OS X. Add an NFS share: nfs.beandog.org/var/www/html /var/www/html nfs auto,user,resvport,sync 0 0 automount -vc

vim

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-08-06T19:51:03+00:00

vim * Vim Tips and Tricks Vim is a console text editor designed to make you feel like a noob. Modes Vim has two modes, which I'll call navigation and editing mode. In navigation mode, you are not making any direct changes to the text by typing. You can still perform actions such as copying, pasting, moving, deleting, etc. along with file operations such as opening and saving files.

vim_tips_and_tricks

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-01-19T18:24:39+00:00

Vim Tips and Tricks * vim * :e! Forced reload current of file * zz Scroll current line to center * zt Scroll current line to top * zb Scroll current line to bottom * 10zl Scroll rightward 10 chars * ZZ Write, if changed, and quit * % Jump to corresponding brace

virtualbox

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-12-09T20:45:08+00:00

VirtualBox * Gentoo * Networking * VBoxManage Shortcuts Switch to/from scale mode: + c Networking Setting up a bridged apater is simplest if you can directly get an IP address from your current network's DHCP server. However, if you want / need to only have the server accessible locally, you can setup a NAT and then give it a local IP address that you can remote into from there.

vixie-cron

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:47:28+00:00

vixie-cron * cron Gentoo Linux * Gentoo On Gentoo, there is an /etc/crontab file that will automatically run. They do not need to be in root user's cron job lists.

vnconfig

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-29T19:18:09+00:00

vnconfig * NetBSD * Xen Use vnconfig to access virtual devices as harddrives. List active devices vnconfig -l Create a 4GB virtual drive dd if=/dev/zero bs=1024k count=4096 of=hdd.img Create as a virtual device: vnconfig vnd0 hdd.img Release a device

wbadmin

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-21T16:50:36+00:00

wbadmin * Windows System State Backup Server Manager :: Tools :: Windows Server Backup Backing up an Active Directory installation, you can create a system state backup. The backups must be saved to another physical drive connected to the server -- they cannot be done over a network share.

webhdfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-09T20:34:44+00:00

webhdfs * Hadoop * HDFS Filesystem * hdfs You can use REST to get contents / details of data on hdfs. This will return a JSON: curl -s "http://node1/webhdfs/v1/user/root?op=LISTSTATUS"

webmin

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:15:14+00:00

webmin * Homepage Webmin makes life easier. Use it to: * Setup a firewall * Setup user quotas * Review system logs * etc. Manual install is simple. Unpack the tarball and run setup.sh. Startup and shut down scripts are in /etc/webmin -- stop and start.

website_optimization

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2012-02-16T05:33:34+00:00

Website Optimization * Optimization * PHP: session_cache_limiter PHP Caching Anytime PHP uses a session, it applies the setting in session_cache_limiter in the PHP configuration. This setting sends HTTP headers which directly affect the browser's caching. Caching is disabled by default when sessions are used. The preferred approach would be to set it globally to

wget

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:15:40+00:00

wget * Homepage * Save file to a certain directory: wget -P /tmp http://server/distro.iso Limit download rate Max at 750 KBps: wget --limit-rate=750K http://server/distro.iso

whiptail

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-03-24T15:31:23+00:00

whiptail * dialog * pdmenu * How to use whiptail to write interactive shell scripts whiptail can be used to create console menus, and takes calls as a shell script. In distros, whiptail is packaged in the newt library.

windows

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-21T17:23:21+00:00

Windows * PowerShell * Samba * Windows Software * net * sc * wbadmin

windows_software

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-06-21T17:31:40+00:00

Windows Software * Windows * CyberDuck - Amazon S3 * DragonDisk - Amazon S3 * mRemoteNG - RDP client * TreeSizeFree - get file directory sizes * WinSCP

wipefs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-07-31T05:01:12+00:00

wipefs * Filesystems wipefs can remove signatures, labels, and RAID info from block devices. In some cases, gdisk will recommend using it. By default, will show them: /sbin/wipefs /dev/sdc From a USB drive imaged with an Ubuntu .img file: offset type ---------------------------------------------------------------- 0x1fe dos [partition table] 0x8001 iso9660 [filesystem] LABEL: Ubuntu-Server 16.04.2 LTS i386 …

x264

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:16:44+00:00

x264 * faac * mp4box * Video Conversion * x264 preset reference * x264 Settings * x264 Encoding Suggestions * Authoring a professional Blu-ray Disc with x264 Syntax Reference Handbrake libav x264 8x8dct -8x8dct --no-8x8dct aq-strength -aq_strength --aq-strength b-adapt --b-adapt b-pyramid -b-pyramid

xcode

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-06-30T23:44:31+00:00

Xcode * OS X * homebrew Once you install the XCode tools, you'll also need the development libraries as well: xcode-select --install

xdebug

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-01T23:49:26+00:00

xdebug * PHP Module It is disabled by default. It can be enabled by default by adding to the php.ini: xdebug.default_enable = 1 Alternatively, it can be loaded in runtime: xdebug_enable() Source installation In some cases, installing xdebug directly from PECL may not work. If so, it's possible to do a source install instead.

xdm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:17:32+00:00

xdm * Homepage * OpenBSD To start XFCE4 with XDM, edit your .xsession: exec /usr/bin/startxfce4

xe

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-04-02T20:52:23+00:00

xe * Xen * xl Display commands xe help Destroy a vm completely ve xm-destroy uuid=1-2-3-4

xen-create-image

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T00:05:53+00:00

xen-create-image * Xen * xl * xm xen-create-image --size=16Gb --memory=1Gb --swap=512Mb --vcpus=2 --dist=quantal --hostname=quantal --dhcp --dir=/home/xen xen-create-image --memory=2Gb --vcpus=2 --dist=quantal --hostname=xenbox --dhcp \ --dir=/home/xen --image-dev=/dev/xen-virtual-drives/xenbox-root \ --swap-dev=/dev/xen-virtual-drives/xenbox-swap

xen

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-07-14T21:44:43+00:00

Xen * CentOS Xen * Gentoo Xen * NetBSD Xen * System Rescue CD Xen * Ubuntu Xen * xen-create-image * xl * xm * PyGrub * * * * Xen Hypervisor Command Line Options * Debian Wiki - Xen * Creating and installing a CentOS 5 domU * Grant McWilliams Xen howtos - good scripts to bootstrap Linux domUs * Xen Configuration Options - for xen.cfg Xe…

xfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-04T17:34:40+00:00

XFS * Filesystems * acl * attr * mkfs.xfs - also see extra mount instructions * mount * xfs_copy * xfs_info * xfs_io * xfs_growfs * xfsdump * xfsrestore * xfsprogs * XFS wiki * XFS Overview & Training Featureset * originally designed for media streaming requiring predictable latencies * filesystems as large as a million terabytes *

xfs_growfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-04T17:36:15+00:00

xfs_growfs * XFS * mkfs.xfs Use xfs_growfs to grow an already mounted XFS device. Initialize specific size Start off with a size of 1 GB: mkfs.xfs -d name=/dev/sda,size=1g Mount the device as normal: mount /dev/sda /mnt/xfs Verify everything: xfs_info /dev/sda

xfs_info

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-04T17:18:51+00:00

xfs_info * XFS * mkfs.xfs * mount Use xfs_info to get details about a mounted filesystem: xfs_info /dev/sda meta-data=/dev/sda isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=524288 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=2097152, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 a…

xhprof

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-21T09:17:59+00:00

xhprof * Homepage * PHP * PHP Optimization xhprof is a PHP profiler. It will tell you why your pages are slow. Installation To use it with your sites, add this to .htaccess in the root folder: php_value auto_prepend_file /home/steve/public_html/xhprof_lib/header.php php_value auto_append_file /home/steve/public_html/xhprof_lib/footer.php

xl

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-29T02:27:29+00:00

xl * Xen * xe Create a new domain with a config file xl create xen.cfg Display all running domains xl list Shutdown a domain immediately This is similar to pulling the power cable on a server. xl destroy vm Send a shutdown signal Poweroff, the nice way.

xm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-29T15:22:03+00:00

xm * Xen * xl Connect to a domain's console Use Ctl ] to exit. xm console domain-id

xset

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-03-08T18:11:49+00:00

xset Turn the screen completely off, as compared to using a screensaver to blank it. Can use this with an acpid event of lid closed / opened. Screen will reactivate upon any mouse movement or keypress. xset dpms force off

yaboot

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-05-31T22:43:22+00:00

yaboot * PowerMac G5 * Ubuntu yaboot Use yaboot to boot into a Linux install from a PowerPC Mac. Create a configuration file in /etc/yaboot.conf. Set the boot parameter to the partition where the NewWorld bootblock is installed (typically /dev/sda2). boot=/dev/sda2

yafc

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-30T15:07:23+00:00

yafc * ftp * ncftp * lftp Yet another FTP client. YAFC accepts connections using ftp:// as a URI. It can also handle SFTP connections. yafc ftp://user:pass@server.com/public_html Fetch recursively and retain permissions: > get -rp *

yarn_application

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-10-22T18:21:53+00:00

yarn application * yarn Manage applications through YARN. Application Lists Running -list will show all the applications that are currently accepted (queued up) or currently running. yarn application -list To reduce it to a certain subset, use

yarn_node

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-10-22T19:50:59+00:00

yarn node * Hadoop * yarn List nodes yarn node -list Display the status of a specific node: yarn node -status node1.beandog.org:46728 Node Report : Node-Id : node1.beandog.org:46728 Rack : /default-rack Node-State : RUNNING Node-Http-Address : node1.beandog.org:8042 Last-Health-Update : Thu 22/Oct/14 01:48:18:661MDT Health-Report : Containers : 3 Memory-Used : 18634MB Memory-Capacity : 26624MB CPU-…

yum

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-08-18T21:54:04+00:00

yum * CentOS Package Management Check for system updates yum check-update Update system yum update Install a package yum install man Also, agree to install: yum -y install man Package search yum list yum search

zfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-06-02T00:10:32+00:00

ZFS * Filesystems * FreeBSD * ZFS On Linux * ZFS Administration - the definitive guide to ZFS on Linux * FreeBSD Handbook: ZFS * ZFS on FreeBSD * ZFS Evil Tuning Guide BIG FAT WARNING Do NOT use fuse with ZFS. If there is the slightest hiccup, the filesystem will crash and you will lose all your data. Examples Create a new ZFS filesystem

zip

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-09-16T20:26:15+00:00

zip * unfoo Use zip to create compressed .zip files Example: Zip recursively ./* with verbose output zip -rv /tmp/zipfile.zip *

zsh

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-12-19T17:21:09+00:00

#!/bin/zsh * Terminal Shells * bash * csh * ksh * sh * tcsh Update environment variables If you are running remote commands (git, for example), and you need access to files in /usr/local, you'll need to update your PATH environment variable: .zshenv PATH="${PATH}:/usr/local/bin"